Adolf Winkelmann (physicist)

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Adolf Winkelmann

Adolf August Winkelmann (born October 17, 1848 in Dorsten / Westphalia , † July 24, 1910 in Jena ) was a German physicist .

Life

Winkelmann came from a Catholic family and was the son of the District Court Councilor in Dorsten, Christoph Adolph Winkelmann (born November 13, 1813 in Münster; † September 29, 1883 ibid.) And his wife Agnes Franziska Maria Antonia Schem (born July 5, 1821 in Warendorf; † December 24, 1905 in Münster). He had completed his training at the Progymnasium in his hometown and continued this training at the Gymnasium in Münster (Westphalia). After he had passed his final exam in the fall of 1867, he studied at Bonn , since April 24, 1869 at Heidelberg and later at the University of Berlin mathematics and physics . During his student days he had entered the military and had participated in the Franco-Prussian War , during which he took part in the siege of Paris. In 1871 he was released from military service and stayed in Aachen for a semester. On July 19, 1872, in Bonn, he received his doctorate in philosophy with his thesis on heat consumption when dissolving salts and the specific warming of salt solutions , and in 1873 he became an assistant at the Technical University of Aachen, where he qualified as a lecturer in mathematics and physics. In 1877 he was appointed full professor at the Hohenheim Agricultural Academy as the successor to Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen . From 1886 to 1909 Winkelmann succeeded Leonhard Sohncke as full professor and director of the Physics Institute at the University of Jena .

He was appointed secret councilor and was rector of the University of Jena in the winter semester of 1894/95 and in the summer semester of 1904 . On August 18, 1884, Winkelmann became a member of the Leopoldina , received the Prussian military service award 2nd class, the Prussian centenary medal and was knight of the ducal Saxon house order of the white falcon .

Winkelmann mainly worked in the fields of heat conduction in gases and the diffusion of gases and vapors, the specific heat and the heat of solution of liquids , the anomalous dispersion . Together with Otto Schott he studied the composition of different glasses and showed important properties of X-rays .

A Crookes (gas discharge) tube with 2 cathodes acting on minerals fluorescing in different colors is called a vacuum double sphere according to Winkelmann .

Winkelmann worked with others on the handbook of physics (2nd edition, Leipzig 1903). He wrote the biography of Ernst Abbe (Adolph Winkelmann, Gustav Fischer, Jena 1905).

Adolf Winkelmann died after a long suffering on July 24, 1910, the year after his retirement in Jena. His body was transferred to his homeland and buried in Münster .

From his marriage on August 27, 1878 to Maria (Mimi) Theresia Sträter (born April 13, 1855 in Münster (Westphalia) / (Aachen), † December 23, 1925 in Munich), the daughter of the doctor and art collector Dr. med. Jodocus August Anton Franz Theodor Sträter (born June 13, 1810 in Rheine; † February 13, 1897 in Aachen) and his wife Bertha Emilie Charlotte van Forckenbeck (born November 5, 1829 in Helsingør / Denmark; † October 19, 1891 in Aachen) , have three daughters. The daughter Bertha Winkelmann (born September 9, 1881) married Wilhelm Bischoff (born November 5, 1875 in Altenessen, † June 9, 1920 in Bad Nassau) in Gelsenkirchen on February 6, 1904, the daughter Franziska (Franka) Auguste Antonia Cecilie Winkelmann (born July 4, 1883 in Hohenheim (Stuttgart); † April 19, 1954 in Frankfurt am Main) married on October 24, 1905 in Jena with the chemist Dr. Peter August Driessen (born June 4, 1871 in Leiden (city); † April 21, 1935 in Frankfurt am Main) and their daughter Else Winkelmann (born October 1, 1886) is known.

literature

  • Johann Christian Poggendorff : Biographical literary concise dictionary for the history of the exact sciences. Johann Ambrosius Barth, Leipzig, 1889, vol. 3, p. 1452 ( online ) and 1904, vol. 4, part 2, p. 1649/50 ( online )
  • Hermann August Ludwig Degener : Who is it? Our contemporaries. Contemporary Lexicon. Degener, Leipzig, 1908, p. 1513
  • Jena newspaper. Vol. 237, July 26, 1910, p. 2 (Local, Online , see also death notification ibid. P. 4)
  • Baedeker: Adolph Winkelmann † . In: Electrotechnical Journal. Julius Springer, Berlin, 1910, 31st year, p. 824

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Proof of parentage ( memento of November 22, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) viewed on November 21, 2015
  2. ↑ Gustav Toepke, Paul Hintzelmann: The register of the University of Heidelberg, from 1846 to 1870. Carl Winter, Heidelberg, 1907, Vol. 6, p. 643 ( online )
  3. ^ Fritz Milkau: Directory of the Bonn University Writings 1818-1885, together with an appendix, containing the extraordinary doctorates. Friedrich Cohen, Bonn, 1897, p. 280 ( online ), cf. also work with a short vita ( online )
  4. ^ Entry in the membership directory of the Leopoldina
  5. ↑ German Order Almanac. (OA) Berlin, 1908/09, p. 1679 ( digitized version )
  6. ↑ http://www.infogr.ch/roehren/crookes_doppelstein/default.htm Vacuum double ball according to Winkelmann. Collection of vacuum tubes. Peter Schnetzer, Baden (AG), Switzerland. Around 2005, accessed March 7, 2016.
  7. ^ Journal of the Aachen History Association. 1967, p. 170
  8. ↑ Genealogy index viewed November 21, 2015
personal data
SURNAME Winkelmann, Adolf
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Winkelmann, Adolf August (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German physicist
DATE OF BIRTH October 17, 1848
PLACE OF BIRTH Dorsten
DATE OF DEATH July 24, 1910
Place of death Jena