Adrianus Reland

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Adrian Reland

Adrianus Reland (also: Hadrian Relandus, Hadriani Relandi, Adriaan Relland, Adrian Reland ; born July 17, 1676 in De Rijp , † February 5, 1718 in Utrecht ) was a Dutch orientalist.

Life

The son of the preacher Johannes Reland and his wife Agatha Prins received his first scientific education at the age of eleven at the Athenaeum in Amsterdam . At that time, Petrus Francius (1645–1704) and Willem Surenhuis (* around 1664; † 1729) taught there, where he perfected his knowledge of the Latin language. By Everard van der Hooght (1642-1716), he received the suggestion with the oriental languages such as Hebrew and Chaldean deal. His abilities were recognized early on, so that at the age of thirteen, as a boy wonder he was able to go to Utrecht University to study theology.

His main teachers in the field of theology were Melchior Leydecker , Herman Witsius and Gerhard de Vries (1648–1705). At the philosophical faculty he attended the lectures of Johann Georg Graevius in Hebrew, Johannes Leusden and Jan Luits in philosophy. On a trip to Bremen, Henricus Sike (1669–1712), who later became professor of oriental languages ​​at Cambridge University , encouraged him to study Arabic. Already at the age of seventeen he had acquired the academic degree of doctor of philosophy in 1694 with the dissertation “De Libertate philosophandi” (the freedom of philosophizing) .

After six years in Utrecht, he went to Leiden University . Here he devoted himself to experimental physics with Wolfgang Senkward and became tutor to Hans Willem Bentinck . This influential relationship may have been the fact that he was appointed professor of physics and metaphysics at the University of Harderwijk in 1699 . However, he shouldn't stay here long. In 1701 he gave his inaugural address as professor of oriental languages ​​at the University of Utrecht, which was expanded in 1713 to include the teaching of Jewish antiquities. He administered this office until the end of his life, which was brought about by an illness of smallpox. In 1708/09 he was the rector of the university .

Reland never left the Netherlands in his life.

Reland gained an excellent reputation as a Latin poet and philologist of the Netherlands in his day. He tried to incorporate South and East Asian topics into his oriental studies. His most important work was mohammedica religione , first published in 1705 , which saw further editions and was well received throughout Europe. He had also worked successfully in the field of Hebrew antiquity and cartography.

Works

  • Galatea, Lusus poetica. Amsterdam 1701, 1724 (4th ed.?), 1735, 1739, 1747, 1809, Stuttgart 1845
    • Dutch translated: Galatea, een Dichterlijke speling. Utrecht 1837
  • De natuurlyke wysgeer, of Het leven van Hai ebn Jokdan. Rotterdam 1701
  • Analecta rabbinica. Utrecht 1702, 2nd printed 1723
  • De religione Mohammedica libri duo. Utrecht 1705, 1717
    • Dutch translated: Negotiating van de godsdienst der Mahometaanen, as mede van het krygs-regt by hair ten tyde van oorlog tegens de christenen gebruykelyk. Utrecht 1718
    • English translated: Of the Mahometan Religion, two books. London 1712
    • German translated: Two books on the Turkish or Mohammedan religion. Hanover 1716, 1717
    • French translation: La Religion des Mahometans exposée par leurs propres Docteurs, avec des éclaircissemens sur les opinions qu'on leur a faussement attribuées. The Hague 1721
  • Dissertationum miscellanearum partes tres. Utrecht 1706–1708, 3 parts
  • Antiquitates sacrae veterum Hebraeorum. Utrecht 1708, 3rd edition 1717, 1741
  • De nummis veterum Hebraeorum. Utrecht 1709
  • Brevis introductio ad grammaticam Hebraam Altingianam. Utrecht 2nd edition 1710, 3rd edition 1722 ( Google books )
  • Palestine ex monumentis veteribus illustrata. Utrecht 1714
    • Dutch translated: Palestina opgeheldert, ofte de occasheyd van het Joodsche land. Utrecht 1719

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Colloquium on Professor Oriental Languages ​​Adrianus Relandus (1676-1718) Utrecht University. Retrieved December 23, 2018
  2. ^ Edward Gibbon : The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire
personal data
SURNAME Reland, Adrianus
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Relland, Hadrian; Relandus, Adriaan
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Dutch orientalist
DATE OF BIRTH July 17, 1676
PLACE OF BIRTH De Rijp
DATE OF DEATH February 5, 1718
Place of death Utrecht