Melchior Leydecker

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Melchior Leydecker

Melchior Leydecker (also: Leydekker, Leidekker ; born March 21, 1642 in Middelburg , † January 6, 1721 in Utrecht ) was a Dutch Reformed theologian.

Life

The son of the businessman Joachim Leydekker and Geertruid Manteau, like his brother Jacob, had been appointed theologian at an early age. After his basic school education, he completed a study of theological sciences at the University of Utrecht from 1657 . In addition to Johannes Hoornbeek , Gisbert Voetius and Carolus de Maets, his formative teachers were here, who are likely to have imparted to him a didactic theological dogmatics of orthodox Calvinism of the nearer Reformation . He continued his studies in 1660 with Johannes Coccejus at the University of Leiden . After his theological studies he became a preacher in Renesse and at the Cornelius Church in Noordwelle in 1662 .

On July 4, 1675, he received his doctorate in theology at the University of Leiden with the Disputation de Providentia Dei . On January 21, 1678 he received a call as professor of theology at the University of Utrecht, which office he assumed on April 23, 1678 with the speech Oratio de sectanda veritate in amore (Utrecht 1678). Leydecker, who was offered a theological professorship at the University of Groningen in 1689, renounced this in 1690. He also took part in the organizational tasks of the Utrecht Academy and was rector of the Alma Mater in 1684/85 and 1715/16 . In 1716 he was exempted from reading aloud in Utrecht for reasons of age. He also appeared as a poet.

His marriage to Petronella van Egeren on September 24, 1693 remained childless.

Act

Leydecker had orientated himself theologically on the foundations of his former teacher Voetius and became a late representative of the Calvinist Reformed Orthodoxy of the Near Reformation . As such, he polemicized against other spiritual currents. For example against the Cartesian philosophy of René Descartes . He even proceeded against his colleague Hermann Witsius (1636–1708), who tried to approach the theological standpoint of Lutheran orthodoxy in baptism.

Although he actually secretly advocated a union with the Lutheran Church, he could not tolerate them in all questions, based on his Calvinist beliefs. Most of his numerous polemical writings are directed against the federal theology of the followers of his former teacher Coccejus. Incidentally, it was precisely here that he had to pay a small tribute to the zeitgeist, which was more oriented towards historical development. Leydecker could not completely invalidate the history of salvation according to the federal system.

Therefore, he wrote an ecumenical draft, which arranged the total activity of God in the world according to the trinitarian world scheme ( De oeconomia trium personarum in negotio salutis humanae , Utrecht 1682). Furthermore, a work that appeared in this context is important from him Synopsis controversiarum de foedere et testamento Die. (Utrecht 1690). His main work is Commentarus in Catechis. Heidelbergensis sive der veritate et sanctitate fidei Reformatae (Utrecht 1694). After Leydecker, the forces of the Dutch Enlightenment became much more important. He was practically one of the last representatives of an orthodox, reformed, evangelical claim that was not able to establish itself socially in the course of history.

Works

  • Fax Veritatis, sive Exercitatio ad nonnullas controversias, quae hodie in Belgio potissimum multa ex parte Theologico-Philosophicae, moventur. Praeflxa est praefatio de statu Belgicae Ecclesiae et suffixa dissertatio de Providentia Dei. Suffering 1677
  • Fax dissidii exstincta, seu Exercitationes pacificae ad nonnullas Quaestiones problematicas, qua hodie potissimum in Belgio moventur contra M. Leideckerium. Amsterdam 1682
  • Vis Veritatis, sive disquisitionum ad nonnullas controversias, quae hodie in Belgio potissimum moventur de Oeconomia Foederum Dei, Libri quinque. Utrecht 1679
  • Dissertatio de Ecclesiae Christianae per Judaismum et Gentilismum oppugnatione. 1681
  • De Oeconomia trium personarum in negotio salutis humanae libri quatuor, quibus universa reformata fides certis principiis congruo nexu explicatur, demonstratur et defenditur. Utrecht 1682
  • Analysis Scripturae, et de ejus interpretatione in concionibus, cum methodo concionandi. Utrecht 1683
  • Medulla Theologiae concinnata ex Scriptis celeb. Virorum. Utrecht 1683
  • Medulla Theologiae practicae. Utrecht 1683
  • Synopsis Theologiae Christianae, ut et Epistola de fecillima lectione textus Hebraici. Utrecht 1686
  • Mysterium pietatis defensum adversus hodierna consilia mysterii iniquitatis. Utrecht 1686
  • Georgii Hornii historia ecclesiastica continuata ad annum 1686, cui adjunxit, L. Capelli Historiae Judaicae compendium cum adnotationibus. Leiden 1687, Frankfurt am Main 1694, The Hague 1705
  • Dissertatio Theologica de motis nuper in Frisia controversiis super auctoritate S. Scripturae ad virum amplissimum Ulricum Huberum. Goesae, 1687
  • Veritas Evangelica triumphans de erroribus, quorumvis seculorum, opus Historico-Theologicum in duos tomos distributum, quo principia fidei Reformatae demonstrantur et origines eorum ostenduntur. Utrecht 1688, 2nd vol.
  • Epistola et Dissertatio Apologetica ad verbi divini in Belgio ministros. Utrecht 1688
  • De mente Pauli in Epistola ad Romanos et Galatas. Utrecht 1690
  • Historia Ecclesiae Africanae illustrata, qua ejus origo, status, variaque illius fata et interitus exponuntur et de illius principiis, fide, cultu, libertate et pugna curs Donatistis disseritur pro Ecclesiae reformatae veritate et libertate. Utrecht 1690
  • Commentarius in Augustinum de Unitate Ecclesiae. Utrecht 1690
  • Synopsis controversiarum de Foedere et Testamento Dei, quae hodie in Belgio moventur. Accedit Apologeticas, quo ad iniquas Johannis Wayeni censuras modeste respondetur: nec non Exercitatio Theologica de Sacrae Scripturae auctoritate ad conscientiam adstruenda. Utrecht 1690
  • Dissertatio Historica-Theologica de vulgato nuper Beckeri volumine et Scripturarum auctoritate et veritate pro Christiana Religione Apologetica. Utrecht 1692
  • Ludovici de Dieu Aphorismi Theologici ut et Rhetorica sacra, quibus addidit Ideam demonstrationis Religionis Reformatae. Utrecht 1693
  • Commentarius in Catechesin Palatinam, et Appendix exercitationum maxime practicarum et Appendix continens sermonem Academicum de Exundatione Oceani etc. et quaedam carmina. Utrecht 1691
  • Dissertatio de erroribus in Belgio serpentibus, et necessaria Orthodoxorum Concordia. Utrecht 1694
  • Historiae Jansenismi libri six, quibus de Cornelii Jansenii vita et morte, nec non de ipsius et sequacium dogmatibus disseritur. Utrecht 1695
  • Against Dissertationum Trias de Dei Operum et Pacis foederibus, atque de Justificatione, in quibus veritas ex Sacra Scriptura, et antiquitate reformationis principiis demonstratur, atque animadversionibus M. Leydekkeri modeste respondetur John Vlack, pastor at Zutphen, he wrote in 1690 Epistola and later De erroribus Joh. Vlack et Dissertatio apologetica. Utrecht 1698
  • De Republica Hebraeorum libri duodecim, quibus de sacerrima gentis origine et statu in Aegypto, de miraculis divinae providentiae in Reipublicae constitutione, de Theocratia, de illius sede ac civibus, de regimine politico, de religione publica ac privata, disseritur. Porro antiquitates Judacorum verae ostenduntur, et falsae corriguntur, historia Veteris Testamenti exponitur, fabulosae origines Gentium, Aegyptiorum, Phoenicum, Arabum, Chaldaeorum, Graecorum et Romunorum referuntur. Subjicitur Archaeologia Sacra, qua historia creationis et diluvii Mosacia contra Burneti profanum telluris Theoriam asseritur. Amsterdam 1704
  • De vario Reipublicae Hebraeorum statu libri novem Theologici, Philosophici, Historici, sive tomus secundus de Republica Hebraeorum. Amsterdam 1710
  • Verdeediginge of Godgeleerdheid. Amsterdam 1687
  • De Goddelykheid of the Holy Scriptures. Utrecht 1692
  • De Verborgentheid des Geloofs eenmaal the saint overgeleevert, of het kort grip der waare Godsgeleerdheid beleeden in de Gereformeerde Kerke. Rotterdam 1700
  • The ingebeelde hemel op aarde van DFL dilute voor den horizontal hemel op aarde. Utrecht 1704
  • F. Leenhof nader ontdect. Amsterdam 1705
  • Sedige seeds-spraak over het Frans boeck, in fact, Entretiens sur les différentes Méthodes d'expliquer l'Ecriture Sainte. (under the pseudonym Joh. Philalethes) 1707
  • De Heerlykheit des Gospels en de Righteousness van Jezus Christ. Amsterdam 1708
  • Tractaatje tegen de Antinomiaanen. The Hague 1708
  • Het vriendelyke Geselschap, trading van de tweede oorzaken en haare Werkzaamheid onder God, as de eerste oorzaak. Rotterdam 1708
  • Filius Dei Sponsor, of de lof en eer van Jezus Christ onzen borge, in zyne volstrekte bergbelofte voor allen uitverkoorenen, byzonder de geloovigen des Ouden Testament. Rotterdam 1708. In response to this, Gerrit Perizonius, brother of Professor Jacobus, wrote pastor in Brielle: De Volstrekte Borghtogt voor de Zoon Gods. Amsterdam 1710
  • De vryheid van Europa verdeedigt door de Protestants. Rotterdam 1711
  • Broederlyk Gezelschap trading company of the Verbonden in the Oude en Nieuwe Testament. 1715
  • Vreedzame Zamenspraak over de Verbonden door Joh. En Timotheus. 1716

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ other sources January 25th, March 11th
personal data
SURNAME Leydecker, Melchior
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Leydekker, Leidekker
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Dutch Reformed theologian
DATE OF BIRTH March 21, 1642
PLACE OF BIRTH Middelburg
DATE OF DEATH January 6, 1721
Place of death Utrecht