Aimable Pélissier
Aimable-Jean-Jacques Pélissier GCB , since 1856 Duke of Malakoff (born November 6, 1794 in Maromme , Seine-Inférieure , † May 22, 1864 in Algiers ) was a French statesman and Marshal of France , who conquered Algeria and the fortress Sevastopol became known.
Life
He was born the son of the Czech corporal Peter Pelisek, who tried in June 1791 with 60 Austrian hussars to kill Marie Antoinette and King Louis XVI. to free in Varennes . Aimable's mother was the peasant girl Catherine Chartier from Maromme. She had friends who could employ Peter Pelisek as a foreman in a saltpeter factory in Maromme. Peter Pelisek changed his name to Pierre Pélissier to avoid persecution from Imperial Austria .
Pélissier attended the military schools in La Flèche and Saint-Cyr-l'École , joined the artillery in 1815 as a sub-lieutenant , then in an infantry regiment , was then transferred to a hussar regiment in 1819 as an aide major , from which he returned to the infantry in 1821.
In 1823 he took part in the Spanish campaign as an adjutant to General Louis-Sébastien Grundler . Pélissier accompanied General Antoine Simon Durrieu in 1828 as an adjutant on the Morea expedition . In 1830 he took part in the expedition to Algiers , whereupon he was deployed in France as a major in the general staff.
In November 1839 Pélissier went back to Algeria with General Jean-Paul Adam Schramm , who appointed him his chief of staff . His name became known in wider circles when, in an attack on the Dahr grottoes in 1845, 400 Arabs, who did not listen to his request to give way, were suffocated by smoke in a cave.
On January 10, 1855, he was appointed commanding general of the I Corps of the Oriental Army in the Crimean War . On May 19 he took command of the French troops in the Crimea , in front of Sevastopol . After the decisive conquest of the fortress Malakow (French: Malakoff ) he was appointed Marshal of France on September 12, 1855 . In the summer of 1856 he returned to France and was on July 22nd by Emperor Napoleon III. appointed Duke of Malakov (French: Duc de Malakoff ) with an annual pension of 100,000 francs .
From March 1858 to May 1859 he was ambassador to London. In 1859, during the Sardinian War against Austria , he commanded the observation army on the Rhine . However, the deployment of the main Austrian army on the Rhine did not take place because Prussia and the German Confederation did not take part. This made northern Italy the main theater of war. Pélissier was appointed Governor General of Algeria in 1860, where he died on May 22, 1864. He was buried in the Invalides in Paris.
Trivia
In his honor, the Malakow cake was created as a dessert .
Awards
- 1853: Grand Cross of the Legion of Honor
literature
- Attila Franz Nowak: Napoleon I and III, Peter Pelisek, Aimable Jean-Jacques Pélissier . Self-published by Nowak, Riemerling 2006, ISBN 978-3-9809289-2-2 . Family and contemporary history from June 1791, unsuccessful liberation of Marie Antoinette.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Czech: Petr Pelíšek
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Pélissier, Aimable |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Pélissier, Aimable-Jean-Jacques (full name) |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | French general and statesman, Marshal of France |
| DATE OF BIRTH | November 6, 1794 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Maromme , Seine-Inférieure |
| DATE OF DEATH | May 22, 1864 |
| Place of death | Algiers |