Albizia

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Albizia
Silk tree (Albizia julibrissin)

Silk tree ( Albizia julibrissin )

Systematics
Eurosiden I
Order : Fabales (Fabales)
Family : Legumes (Fabaceae)
Subfamily : Mimosa family (Mimosoideae)
Tribe : Ingeae
Genre : Albizia
Scientific name
Albizia
Durazz.

The Albizia is a plant genus in the subfamily of Mimosa Family (Mimosoideae) within the family of legumes (Fabaceae). For some species one uses the German common names umbrella acacia (due to the growth form), silk acacia , albizia (Germanized) or sleeping tree (due to the collapsing leaves, see below). The 100 to 150 species are distributed worldwide in the tropics and subtropics .

description

Sleeping tree day and night

Albizia species are deciduous trees and shrubs that usually grow quickly. Some species grow in the form of an umbrella acacia . They have thorny branches. The leaves are double pinnate. There are stipules present.

Albizia species have autonomous leaf movements due to turgor movements . These are circadian movements of the leaflets, also known as sleep movements. These fold the individual feathers together in the evening at intervals of about 12 hours, according to the day and night rhythm, and open them again in the morning.

The flowers stand together in stalked head- or brush-shaped inflorescences . There are flower stalks or they are absent. The flowers are hermaphroditic. The sepals are fused with at most short calyx lobes, which are usually only recognizable as calyx teeth. The petals are fused in a funnel shape beyond their center. The white, pink to rarely purple stamens are fused at least at their base; they often form a staminal tube. The anthers are small. The thin style ends in a capricious to tiny scar.

The legumes are thin, belt-shaped. The egg to circular seeds are compressed.

use

They are used as ornamental and shady trees, increasingly also in the mild winter regions of Germany. Their frost tolerance is usually given as around −20 ° C.

distribution

The genus Albizia comprises 100 to 150 species in the tropics and subtropics . The pantropical genus occurs in Asia , Africa , Madagascar , Central America , South America and southern North America as well as in Australia . Most of the species are native to the tropics of the Old World .

Systematics

The genus Albizia was established by Antonio Durazzini . Type species is Albizia julibrissin Durazz. The botanical genus name Albizia honors the Italian naturalist Filippo degli Albizzi , a nobleman from Florence who was the first to bring Albizia julibrissin to Europe via Constantinople in 1749 . Synonyms for Albizia Durazz. are: Arthrosamanea Britton & Rose , Besenna A.Rich. , Parasamanea Kosterm. , Parenterolobium Kosterm. , Pseudalbizzia Britton & Rose , Sassa Bruce ex JFGmel. , Serialbizzia Kosterm.

Types (selection)

The genus Albizia includes 100 to 150 species:

No longer belong to this genus (selection):

swell

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Antonio Durazzini: Memoria sull'albero detto volgarmente Julibrissin letta in di 5 agosto 1772 nella Societa dei Georgofili . In: Magazzino toscano , 1772, vol. 1, pp. 1-14.
  2. ^ A b c Albizia in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland.

Web links

Commons : Albizia  - collection of images, videos and audio files
  • Albizia . In: S. Dressler, M. Schmidt, G. Zizka (Eds.): African plants - A Photo Guide. Senckenberg, Frankfurt / Main 2014.