Alchemilla sect. Ultravulgares
Alchemilla sect. Ultravulgares | ||||||||||||
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Alchemilla sect. Ultravulgares | ||||||||||||
SEFröhner |
Alchemilla sect. Ultravulgares is one of the 13 European sections of the genus Lady's mantle ( Alchemilla ). Most of the species were earlier in the species group Alchemilla vulgaris agg. guided.
features
The species of the section are medium to small perennials. The longest internodes of the seedling plant are barely a millimeter long. The main axis is hardly woody and rarely gets older than four years. Their thickness can reach 25 millimeters.
The cotyledons are long stalked, round and have a rounded to approximately heart-shaped leaf base. The primary leaf is five-lobed and incised up to about a third of its radius. It is wider than it is long and has a heart-shaped leaf base. The leaf stalks are arched to completely cylindrical at the top. Your vascular bundles are concentric, all three are about the same thickness. The leaf base is five (rarely up to nine) annoying, while the nerves are up to three (rarely up to five) millimeters apart. The leaf blade of the basal leaves is three to 14 centimeters wide. It is often very wavy or wrinkled, the color is grass green to dark green, often shiny when fresh. The blade is incised to five to 30 (40?) Percent of its radius and forms seven to eleven (very rarely 13) lobes. The end lobes are 30 to 50 degrees wide and have 11 to 25 teeth. The teeth are a quarter to once (rarely 1.5 times) as long as they are wide. The length of the teeth is four to eight percent of the spreading radius.
The stipules are 15 to 60 millimeters long or 7 to 25% of the stem length. When fresh they are white or red, they stay fresh for a long time and then turn gray-brown when dry. Their tip is herbaceous, green and has several (up to 15) small teeth. The ears are free. The incision is one to five millimeters long, that is three to 13% of the total length.
The stems are 10 to 40 (rarely up to 60) centimeters long and ascending to upright. They are rootless (do not form adventitious roots ), 1.5 to four millimeters thick and five to twelve members. The stem hairs are no more than 2.5 millimeters long.
The stipules of the lowest stem leaf are upright on the sides or are slightly sickle-shaped, have several teeth and are almost always hairless on the upper side. On the uppermost stem leaf, the stipules have four to twelve almost identical or different teeth.
The inflorescence has up to 650 flowers , but mostly only up to 300. At the bottom of each Monochasien often lack the bracts . Between the monochasia there are one to three shark-gold flowers. The flowers are green to yellow-green, mostly hairless. Single five-fold flowers are rare. The ripe goblet is bell-shaped to cylindrical, equally wide at the top, possibly narrowed at the bottom. He is hairless. The sepals are 0.8 to 1.3 times as long as they are wide, 0.4 to 0.9 times as long as the sepal cup, and are quite upright. The outer sepals are 0.25 to 0.8 times as long as the sepals. They are smaller than the sepals, have one to three nerves and have entire margins. The discus bulge is the same width as its opening. The stamens are practically never spreading. They are 0.4 to 0.8 millimeters long, 0.08 to 0.15 millimeters wide and have approximately the same width over the entire length. The terminal flowers sometimes have two carpels . The scars are hemispherical to head-shaped, rarely lens-shaped. The nuts are 1.3 to two millimeters long and protrude up to a third from the goblet.
The flowering period lasts from April to October (rarely January), the beginning of flowering is around the same time as the peach. The fruit ripens after at least four weeks. The fruiting flowers fall off quickly. There can be two to three flowering sequences per year.
distribution
The section is located in Europe, Siberia, Middle East and Central Asia and grows in meadows, in light fringing and forest communities. It occurs in the montane (to demontane) altitude level and rarely rises to the alpine level. The species are often nitrogen-loving. The area diagnosis is meridional / alpine - temperate / montane to boreal in oceanic Europe and western Asia.
Systematics
The Ultravulgares section is one of the four basic sections of the European alchemil, from which the remaining sections have emerged through hybridization.
The assignment of the species to the section follows Fröhner (1995), with changes to the section assignment and new species from Fischer (2008) being adopted. The Central European species are:
- Wavy-leaved lady's mantle ( Alchemilla cymatophylla )
- Gaillard's Lady's Mantle ( Alchemilla gaillardiana )
- Heptagonal lady's mantle ( Alchemilla heptagona )
- Lady's mantle with different stems ( Alchemilla heteropoda )
- Long-eared lady's mantle ( Alchemilla lunaria )
- Mason's lady 's mantle ( Alchemilla maureri )
- Rotscheidiger lady 's mantle ( Alchemilla rubristipula )
- Blunt-toothed lady's mantle ( Alchemilla subcrenata )
supporting documents
Unless specified under individual evidence, the article is based on the following documents:
- Sigurd Fröhner: Alchemilla . In: Hans. J. Conert et al. a. (Ed.): Gustav Hegi. Illustrated flora of Central Europe. Volume 4 Part 2B: Spermatophyta: Angiospermae: Dicotyledones 2 (3). Rosaceae 2 . Blackwell 1995, pp. 149f. ISBN 3-8263-2533-8
Individual evidence
- ^ A b Manfred A. Fischer , Karl Oswald, Wolfgang Adler: Excursion flora for Austria, Liechtenstein and South Tyrol. 3rd, improved edition. State of Upper Austria, Biology Center of the Upper Austrian State Museums, Linz 2008, ISBN 978-3-85474-187-9 , p. 489.