Alexander Leutner & Co.

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The building in 2014
Bicycle from Leutner

The Alexander Leutner & Co. (full name in Russian : . Велосипедная фабрика "Россия" Александра Лейтнера и Ко , bicycle factory "Russia" Alexander Leutner & Co. ) was the first manufacturer of bicycles and motorbikes in the Russian Empire . The company also built other motor vehicles and was based in Riga until 1915 .

Company history

The company was originally founded by the Baltic German entrepreneur Alexander Leutner (1864–1923). In 1896 or 1897 it became a GmbH, the shares of which were held by Leutner, two merchants from Riga and three professors from the Riga Polytechnic .

Over time, A. Leutner & Co. grew into the largest bicycle manufacturer in the Russian Empire. In 1907 the annual output was 5000 bicycles.

The company had 130 employees who were run using Taylorist methods to increase productivity.

In 1915 the factory, which had meanwhile become important for the war effort, was dismantled and rebuilt in Charkow in the Ukraine to protect it from being attacked by the German Reich's army .

production

& A. Leutner Co. produced bicycles under the brand name "Russia" and under the name Rossiya / Fafnir motorized bicycles and motorcycles. The engines came from the German manufacturer Fafnir . From 1907 the company also manufactured a number of three-wheelers and automobiles, and from 1912 the first truck rolled off the production line . Many of these vehicles were made as licensed replicas from other manufacturers, such as Clément-Bayard , Cudell , De Dion-Bouton , Fafnir, Hildebrand and Wolfmüller , Ultramobile and Werner .

During the First World War , firearms were also part of the product range.

Leutner or Leitner

The spelling Leitner can also be found in the literature. The company stated A. Leutner & Co. in German-language advertisements .

literature

  • Harald H. Linz, Halwart Schrader : The International Automobile Encyclopedia . United Soft Media Verlag, Munich 2008, ISBN 978-3-8032-9876-8 , Leitner chapter.
  • George Nick Georgano (Editor-in-Chief): The Beaulieu Encyclopedia of the Automobile. Volume 2: G – O. Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers, Chicago 2001, ISBN 1-57958-293-1 , p. 888. (English)
  • Alain Dupouy: L'automobile en Russie jusqu'en 1917 . A. Dupouy, Grenoble 1989, ISBN 2-904904-16-6 , (French).
  • Edvīns Liepiņš: Automobīļa vēstures lappuses . Zinatne, Rīga 1983, (Latvian).
  • Edvīns Liepiņš: Rīgas auto . Baltika, Rīga 1997, ISBN 9984-9178-0-0 , (Latvian and English).
  • В.Я. Венде: От первого автомобиля до последнего извозчика . Периодика, Таллин 1990, ISBN 5-7979-0229-X , (Russian).
  • Валерий Иванович Дубовской: Автомобили и мотоциклы в России 1896–1917 гг. Транспорт, Москва 1994, ISBN 5-277-01576-0 , (Russian).
  • А.П. Иванов: Из истории техники Латвийской ССР . Рига, 1960. (Russian).
  • Лев Михайлович Шугуров, Владимир Петрович Ширшов: Автомобили страны Советов . Изд-во ДОСААФ, Москва 1983, (Russian).
  • Лев Михайлович Шугуров: Автомобили России и СССР . ИЛБИ, Москва 1993, ISBN 5-87483-004-9 , (Russian).

Web links

Commons : Alexander Leutner & Co.  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Latvija 19. gadsimtā: Vēstures apceres (2000). Riga: LVI apgāds, p. 244. ISBN 9984-601-03-X (lat.)
  2. ^ A b Anders Henriksson: The Tsar's Loyal Germans: The Riga German Community — Social Change and the Nationality Question, 1855-1905 . East European Monographs, Boulder, CO 1983, ISBN 0-88033-020-1 , pp. P. 119.
  3. ↑ http://www.rcforum.ru/modules.php?name=Forums&file=viewtopic&t=1438&postdays=0&postorder=asc&start=525 (russ.)
  4. ↑ 20. gadsimta Latvijas vēsture (2000), v. 1 (1900-1918). Riga: LVI apgāds, p. 523. ISBN 9984-601-38-2 (lat.)
  5. ↑ Jānis Bērziņš: Latvijas rūpniecības strādnieku dzīves līmenis 1900–1914 ( Latvian ). LVI apgāds, Riga 1997, ISBN 9984-601-36-6 , pp. 42-3.
  6. ↑ Harald H. Linz, Halwart Schrader : The International Automobile Encyclopedia . United Soft Media Verlag, Munich 2008, ISBN 978-3-8032-9876-8 , Leitner chapter.
  7. ↑ George Nick Georgano (Editor-in-Chief): The Beaulieu Encyclopedia of the Automobile. Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers, Chicago 2001, ISBN 1-57958-293-1 , p. 888. (English)
  8. ^ Edvīns Liepiņš: Rīgas auto. Baltika, Rīga 1997, ISBN 9984-9178-0-0 , p. 32 and p. 38. (Latvian and English)
  9. ↑ Early notification of the company
  10. ↑ Later advertisement of the company ( Memento from March 19, 2017 in the Internet Archive )