Alexei Fyodorowitsch Tryshnikov

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Alexei Fyodorowitsch Tryshnikov

Alexei Fjodorowitsch Trjoschnikow ( Russian Алексей Фёдорович Трёшников , scientific transliteration Aleksej Fëdorovič Trëšnikov ; * April 1 July / April 14,  1914 greg. In Pavlovka, November 18, 1991 was a Soviet geographic researcher in Saint Petersburg, Saint Petersburg province Simbirsk ; and oceanologist .

Studies and first expeditions

Alexei Trjoschnikow was born on April 14, 1914 in the village of Pavlovka (then Simbirsk Governorate). He enrolled at the Faculty of Geology and Geography in Leningrad in 1934 . After graduating in 1939, he worked at the Arctic Institute of Glawsewmorput (later " Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute ") in Leningrad. As early as 1938, he had undertaken his first arctic expedition to the Kara Sea on board the ship "Iwan Papanin" ( Иван Папанин ) . On board the ship "Temp" ( Темп ) he took part in another expedition in the summer of 1940, during which the Laptev Strait was examined. The expedition wintered in the New Siberian Islands and did not return to Krasnoyarsk until October 1941 , where the research institute was relocated during the Great Patriotic War .

World War II and Arctic Studies

Between 1942 and 1944, Trjoshnikov's work consisted of supplying the ships of the Northern Fleet and cargo ships with hydrometeorological data on the Kara and Laptev Seas. After the Second World War , Trjoschnikow was able to devote himself to exploring the Arctic again. Among other things, the Lomonosov ridge was discovered through his work in 1948 . From 1949 to 1950 he was the head of an air expedition department that examined the Arctic. In 1954 and 1955 he headed the ice drift station North Pole-3 ( Северный полюс-3 ) in the Arctic Ocean.

Soviet Antarctic Expeditions

In 1956 the Second Soviet Antarctic Expedition started , in which Trjozhnikov was the leader. The Mirny station served as the main base. From here he explored the surrounding areas with the help of off-road vehicles and airplanes and penetrated deep into Antarctica. In addition, the Vostok station and the Komsomolskaya aid station were built during this expedition . The expedition ended in 1958.

In the years 1963 to 1964 Trjoschnikow was involved in the establishment of the Molodjoschnaja station in the Antarctic.

From 1967 to 1969 he led the Soviet Union's 13th Antarctic Expedition . Trjoschnikow circled the Antarctic with the ship Ob ( Обь ) . During this expedition, Bellingshausen Station was built on King George Island , one of the South Shetland Islands .

More trips

In May 1973 Tryshnikov set out on what is now his fourth trip to the Antarctic. During this, Trjoschnikow, who was on board the ship "Nawarin" ( Наварин ) , led, among other things, the evacuation of the winterers trapped in the Molodjoschnaja station . In 1976 he was the leader of the expedition "POLEKS-SEWER" ( Полярный эксперимент - Север , polar experiment - North) on board the ship "Professor Wise" ( Профессор Визе ) . Trjozhnikov made his last trip to the Arctic when he visited the North Pole-28 ice drift station ( Северный полюс-28 ) in 1986 .

Research, offices and teaching

Trjoschnikow was director of the Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute from 1960 to 1981 . He received his doctorate in geography in 1963. In 1967 the habilitation followed. Trjozhnikov has also worked on numerous books, including from 1966 to 1969 he was editor-in-chief of the “Atlas of Antarctica” ( Атлас Антарктики ) and the “Geographical encyclopedic dictionary” ( Геограсфический эседиклопчьчеседиклопчечесиклопчичесиклопчичесиклопчирас Антарктики ) .

From 1977 until his death he was President of the Geographical Society of the USSR , in which he had already held the position of Vice President since 1964. In 1982 he was appointed a member of the Russian Academy of Sciences . Since 1981 Trjoschnikow headed the department of oceanology at the University of Saint Petersburg.

Alexei Tryshnikov died on November 18, 1991 at the age of 77 in Saint Petersburg. He was buried in the Komarovo cemetery.

Awards

Tryshnikov received numerous awards throughout his life. Among other things, four orders of Lenin , the title Hero of Socialist Labor and the Order of the October Revolution . The Geographical Society of the USSR awarded him the Lütke Medal in 1965.

In 1978 the asteroid (3339) Treshnikov, discovered by the Czech astronomer Antonín Mrkos , was named after him. Mrkos met Trjoschnikow in 1957 on the polar plateau of Antarctica.

literature

  • AF Trjoschnikow: Continent under the ice. Journeys and research in Antarctica , Brockhaus, Leipzig 1962 (Russian original edition: Закованный в лед , Географгиз, Москва 1957)

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Дрейфующая станция "Северный полюс-3". In: aari.nw.ru. October 13, 1988, accessed January 3, 2015 .
  2. ↑ AARI directors - 1920-2000. In: aari.nw.ru. Retrieved January 3, 2015 .
  3. ↑ List of medal holders of the Russian Geographical Society (1845-2012) (PDF; 580 kB), accessed on July 9, 2020 (Russian).
  4. ^ Lutz Schmadel: Dictionary of Minor Planet Names. Springer Science & Business Media, 2003, ISBN 978-3-540-00238-3 , p. 278. Restricted preview in the Google book search

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Trjoschnikow, Alexei Fjodorowitsch
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Trëšnikov, Aleksej Fëdorovič; Трёшников, Алексей Фёдорович (Russian)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Soviet polar explorer, geographer and oceanologist
DATE OF BIRTH April 14, 1914
PLACE OF BIRTH Pavlovka, Simbirsk Governorate
DATE OF DEATH November 18, 1991
Place of death St. Petersburg