Alice Haubrich-Gottschalk

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Alice Haubrich-Gottschalk , (born on January 11, 1892 as Alice Grabowski in Konitz ; died on February 10, 1944 in Cologne ) was a German pediatrician and gynecologist as well as a promoter of modern art. After being robbed of Jewish doctor of their livelihoods and for their arrest by the Gestapo forestall, she committed early 1944 suicide .

Life

childhood and education

Alice Grabowski grew up as the daughter of Rabbi Victor Grabowski in West Prussia for the first six years of her life . From 1899 to 1928 the father worked as a rabbi in Elberfeld . After completing school in Barmen and Elberfeld, she graduated from high school in Remscheid in 1910 . She then studied medicine in Bonn, Freiburg and Munich. In 1915 she completed her training in Bonn with a doctorate on a surgical topic with Carl Garrè .

Career path and family

After her license to practice medicine , she first worked in Wiesbaden . In 1918 she worked as an assistant doctor in the municipal hospitals in Cologne-Lindenthal . Her first marriage was to Fritz Gottschalk, a doctor of dentistry. The couple had a daughter, Anneliese (Annelie), who was born on October 20, 1920 in Cologne. The couple practiced in common practice rooms at Hohenzollernring 22 until the mid-1920s. The marriage failed; In 1927 Fritz Gottschalk left the common practice rooms.

Marriage to Josef Haubrich

On July 25, 1929, she married the Cologne lawyer and art patron Josef Haubrich . It was his third marriage for him. In the family, the two children from Josef's first marriage to Anna Kux - Karl-Klaus and Ruth Luise - and Alice's daughter Anneliese grew up together. The couple frequented the Cologne art scene, and Josef Haubrich had been collecting paintings, particularly by expressionist artists , since the First World War . Alice Haubrich-Gottschalk occasionally took part in exhibitions herself as an artist.

Time of National Socialism and Death

After the seizure of power by the Nazis in 1933 many works of art from the estimated Haubrich artists were as degenerate art classified and removed from public collections. The couple bought these works publicly and privately and thus saved the paintings from destruction. Because of her Jewish religious affiliation, Alice and later her husband were increasingly discriminated against by the National Socialists. With the “Fourth Ordinance to the Reich Citizenship Law ” of July 25, 1938, Jewish doctors were withdrawn from their medical license with effect from September 30, 1938. Alice Haubrich-Gottschalk had to give up her practice at Hohenstauferring 61. Josef Hauberich was also forced to give up his office at Hansaring 32, which he had run together with Heinrich Bodenheim. He moved his legal practice to his private apartment at Eugen-Langen-Strasse 29 in Cologne-Marienburg . When the repression against the Jewish population intensified and many Cologne Jews were arrested and deported , the family organized the escape of daughter Anneliese, first to Vienna and later to Denmark . Haubrich-Gottschalk stayed in Cologne. When she too was to be interrogated by the Gestapo in early 1944, she fled to death. She died on February 10, 1944 after taking potassium cyanide . The daughter survived and returned to Cologne after the war to study gynecology like her mother . She received her doctorate in 1952 from the University of Cologne .

Burial place and memorial

Grave site for the Haubrich-Millowitsch family, in the Melaten cemetery (corridor 72a)
Stumbling block for Dr. Alice Gottschalk-Haubrich at Eugen-Langen-Strasse 29

The grave of Alice Haubrich-Gottschalk is now in the Melaten cemetery (hallway 72A), next to her husband and his fifth wife, the Cologne actress Lucie Millowitsch , who arranged for the graves of Alice and Josef Haubrich to be reburied from the Westfriedhof in Cologne .

In front of the Haubrich family's house at Eugen-Langen-Strasse 29, two stumbling blocks were laid to commemorate the fate of the two Jewish women, Anneliese and Alice Haubrich-Gottschalk .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Michael Brocke, Julius Carlebach (ed.): The Rabbis in the German Empire 1871-1945. Walter de Gruyter, 2009, ISBN 978-3-598-44107-3 , p. 240.
  2. ^ Eduard Seidler: Jewish pediatricians: victims of persecution 1933–1945. Karger, 2007, ISBN 978-3-8055-8284-1 , p. 310.
  3. ↑ Alice Grabowski: Experience with nail extension. Vogel, Bonn 1915, DNB 570248590 .
  4. ↑ Berlin clinical weekly. Volume 53, Berlin 1916, p. 440.
  5. ^ Haubrich, Josef (Best. 1369). on: historischesarchivkoeln.de , accessed on March 11, 2015.
  6. ^ Kölnischer Kunstgewerbeverein: Cologne personalities. Drawn or snapped. 2. Exhibition from May 18 to June 16, 1930 in the Kunstgewerbemuseum. Cologne.
  7. ↑ Flechtheim heirs startle art museums. on: welt.de , accessed on March 11, 2015.
  8. ^ Haubrich, Josef (pseudonym Dr. Ludwig Josef). on: deutsche-biographie.de , accessed on March 11, 2015.
  9. ^ Christian Goeschel: Suicides of German Jews in the Third Reich. In: German History. 1 2007, Volume 25, pp. 22-45.
  10. ^ Josef Abt, Johann Ralf Beines, Celia Körber-Leupold: Melaten - Cologne graves and history . Greven, Cologne 1997, ISBN 3-7743-0305-3 , p. 100.
  11. ↑ Stumbling block for Dr. Alice Gottschalk-Haubrich at: museenkoeln.de , accessed on March 11, 2015.

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Haubrich-Gottschalk, Alice
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Grabowski, Alice (maiden name); Gottschalk, Alice (first married name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German gynecologist and pediatrician as well as promoter of modern art
DATE OF BIRTH January 11, 1892
PLACE OF BIRTH Konitz
DATE OF DEATH February 10, 1944
Place of death Cologne