Alcanna

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Alcanna
Alkanna orientalis

Alkanna orientalis

Systematics
Asterids
Euasterids I
Family : Boraginaceae (Boraginaceae)
Subfamily : Boraginoideae
Tribe : Lithospermeae
Genre : Alcanna
Scientific name
Alcanna
exchange

Alkanna is a genus within the family of Borage Family (Boraginaceae). The 30 to 50 species are distributed from southern Europe to North Africa and as far as Iran .

description

Illustration from Curtis's botanical magazine No. 515 from Alkanna orientalis

Vegetative characteristics

Alkanna species grow as annual to perennial herbaceous plants . The alternate leaves are simple.

Generative characteristics

A few flowers stand together in terminal coils . The hermaphroditic flowers are radial symmetry and five-fold with a double flower envelope . The five sepals are only fused at their base. The five yellow or pink to blue petals are fused into a cylindrical tube with a funnel-shaped border and a hair ring. There is only one circle with mostly five fertile stamens . The stamens and the style do not protrude beyond the corolla tube.

Decay fruits with two kidney- or egg-shaped claws are formed.

Systematics

The genus Alkanna was established by Ignaz Friedrich Tausch . Synonyms for Alkanna Exchange are: Baphorhiza Link , Camptocarpus C. Koch , Campylocaryum DC. ex Meisn. , Onochiles Bubani and Rhytispermum Link .

species

The genus Alkanna includes 30 to 50 species:

use

Alkannin , the raw material for coloring and make-up substances , is obtained from the root bark of the dyer's alkanna ( Alkanna tinctoria ), a blue-flowering species from the Mediterranean region . Alkannin (a naphthoquinone derivative) is approved as a lipophilic food color.

literature

  • Rudolf Hänsel, Konstantin Keller, Horst Rimpler (eds.): Hager's handbook of pharmaceutical practice. Volume 4, Drugs A-D. Springer, Berlin / Heidelberg 1993, ISBN 3-540-52631-5 , pp. 175-179, limited preview in the Google book search
  • Karl Heinz Rechinger: On the knowledge of the European species of the genus Alkanna. In: Annals of the Natural History Museum Vienna. Volume 68, 1965, pp. 191-220, PDF file.

Individual evidence

  1. a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax Benito Valdés, 2011: Boraginaceae. : Datasheet Alkanna In: Euro + Med Plantbase - the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity.
  2. ^ A b Alkanna in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland.
  3. ^ Alkanna tinctoria at Plants For A Future

Web links

Commons : Alkanna  - collection of images, videos and audio files
  • Thomas Meyer, Michael Hassler: Mediterranean and Alpine flora. [1]
Wiktionary: Alkanna  - explanations of meanings, word origins, synonyms, translations