Almequelle
| Almequelle | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
 Artificial spring pond of the Alme |
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| location | ||||
| Country or region | Hochsauerlandkreis ( North Rhine-Westphalia ) | |||
| Coordinates | 51 ° 26 ′ 56 " N , 8 ° 37 ′ 22" E | |||
| height | approx. 320 m above sea level NHN | |||
|
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| geology | ||||
| Mountains | Brilon heights | |||
| Source type | Karst springs | |||
| rock | limestone | |||
| Hydrology | ||||
| River system | Rhine | |||
| Receiving waters | Alme → Lippe → Rhine → North Sea | |||
| Bulk | 800 l / s | |||
Coordinates: 51 ° 26 ′ 56 ″ N , 8 ° 37 ′ 22 ″ E
The Almequelle or Almequelle river source in North Rhine-Westphalia Hochsauerlandkreis is the Briloner district Alme location karst spring of the 59.1 km long lip -Nebenflusses Alme .
location
The source pond of the Alme - as well as the slightly higher-lying individual springs - is located at an altitude of between 320.9 m above sea level. NHN and 322.5 m above sea level NHN , a few meters above the pond there are other alpine springs, including spring number 1 . The Almequellen are located approximately 0.66 kilometers (as the crow flies) south-southwest of the Almer Church, 0.73 kilometers southwest of the Moosspring Forest House with the Moospring springs there , and 1.9 kilometers northwest of Nehden . The Alme leaves the source pot as a river that is around five meters wide.
Source description
The headwaters of the Alme are located in the Hochsauerlandkreis in the north of the Brilon Heights , or on the northern edge of the Brilon plateau , which consists of heavily fissured limestone with a thickness of 600 to 1400 meters. This mass lime consists of 98-99% pure lime and is therefore even more fissured than z. B. that of the Paderborn plateau . Above-ground running waters seep into the fissures and dissolve the limestone, creating large cavities in the subsurface of the plateau. In the Brilon village of Alme , the water flowing underground comes to the surface at the lowest point (320 to 322 m above sea level ) in the form of overflow springs, at the boundary between mass limestone and slate. The main source is an artificially dammed karst spring pond with a diameter of about 30 m and an average flow rate of 800 l / s. The catchment area of the pond is around 33.9 km² above ground and around 71 km² below ground. It drains about 2/3 of the Brilon plateau.
The Alme has a total of 104 spring outlets with different water temperatures (partly sunk by overflow in the spring pond), which however remain almost constant all year round. The coldest source is source 1 with 8.5 ° C; the warmest is the spring 104 with 11.3 ° C. The total discharge of all sources is between 300 and 1370 l / s, with the average discharge being around 800 l / s. Since most of the springs were "flooded" by the spring pond, only very few of the 104 individual springs can be seen. A few individual exits can still be found on the southern and eastern edge of the headwaters.
Protection expulsions
The Almequelle is located in the Tinne / Nehder Kopf nature reserve , with a size of 187.20 hectares . The area was designated as a nature reserve (NSG) by the Hochsauerlandkreis in 2008 with the landscape plan of the Brilon plateau . The Almequelle also belongs to the FFH area Forests and Sources of the Almetal (DE 4517-301).
flora
At the springs you can find the Pyrenean spoonbill (Cochleria pyrenaica), among other things, the bitter foam herb (Cardamine amara) , which in spring lines the banks of the Alme and the neighboring moss spring with its white flowers.
The very rare Pyrenean spoonbill society (Cochleario pyrenaicae-Cratoneuretum commutati) , in which the strong-nerved moss (Cratoneuron commutatum) is also named, can only be found in limestone springs in the northern and central European mountainous regions. In Germany, the Pyrenean spoonwort occurs only sporadically in the Alpine foothills, in Franconia, in the Rhön and in the Jagsttal near Rothenburg od Tauber. Thus the Almer deposit is by far the northernmost in Germany.
In addition, the blue monkshood (Aconitum napellus) grows in the source area, which is noticeable in late summer in the tall herbaceous areas between meadowsweet (Filipendula ulmaria) and the rare swamp cranesbill (Geranium palustre) with its deep blue flowers.
traffic
The Almetalbahn has a station near the Almequelle. The Sauerland Forest Route also leads directly past the source . For some years now there has also been the Sauerland Spur Quellenweg Alme , an approximately 5-kilometer circular route that opens up the Alme sources . There are also a variety of other hiking trails and a bike path.
Other karst springs in the area
- Moosspring on Kreisstraße 58 between Oberalme and Nehden, near the forester's house of the same name
literature
- Landscape guide of the Westphalian Heimatbund: The Brilon plateau ; Wolfgang Feige; Aschendorff publishing house bookstore; 1970
See also
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Topographical Information Management, Cologne District Government, Department GEObasis NRW ( Notes )
- ↑ Information board at the Almequellen
- ↑ Information board at the Almequellen
- ↑ Hochsauerlandkreis - Lower Landscape Authority, Landscape Plan Briloner Plateau, Meschede 2008, pp. 58–59.
- ^ "Almequelle" nature reserve (HSK-026) in the specialist information system of the State Office for Nature, Environment and Consumer Protection in North Rhine-Westphalia
- ↑ Information about the Almequellen on the Alme homepage