Aloe succotrina

Aloe succotrina
	Aloe succotrina
Systematics
	Monocots
Order :	Asparagales (Asparagales)
Family :	Grass trees (Xanthorrhoeaceae)
Subfamily :	Affodilla family (Asphodeloideae)
Genre :	Aloes ( aloe )
Type :	Aloe succotrina
Scientific name
	Aloe succotrina
	Alles.

Aloe succotrina is a species of the genus Aloes in the subfamily of the Affodilla plants (Asphodeloideae). The specific epithet succotrina either refers to the presumed origin of the species from Socotra or is derived from the Latin words succus for 'juice' and citrinus for 'lemon yellow'.

description

Vegetative characteristics

Aloe succotrina grows stem-forming or occasionally almost stemless, is simple or branched from the base and above. The upright or prostrate trunk reaches a length of up to 2 meters and a diameter of 15 centimeters. The lanceolate, narrowed leaves form dense rosettes . Dead leaves are persistent on the trunk. The cloudy to gray-green, indistinctly lined leaf blade is up to 50 centimeters long and 10 centimeters wide. Occasionally there are a few small, scattered, white spots. The solid white teeth on the narrow, cartilaginous, usually cloudy white leaf margin are 2 to 4 millimeters long and are up to 10 millimeters apart.

Inflorescences and flowers

The usually simple inflorescence reaches a length of about 100 centimeters. The rather dense, cylindrically pointed grapes are 25 to 35 centimeters long. The lanceolate bracts have a length of 20 millimeters and are 10 millimeters wide. The shiny red to reddish salmon pink flowers are tipped green and stand on 30 millimeter long flower stalks . The flowers are 40 millimeters long and truncated at their base. Above the ovary , the flowers are not narrowed. Your outer tepals are not fused together. The stamens and the pen stand out 3 to 5 millimeters from the flower.

genetics

The number of chromosomes is . ${\ displaystyle 2n = 14}$

Systematics and distribution

Aloe succotrina is widespread in the Western Cape province of South Africa between sandstone blocks, always close to the sea up to heights of 600 meters.

The first description by Carlo Allioni was published in 1773.

The following taxa were included as synonymous in the species: Aloe perfoliata var. Ξ L. (1753), Aloe soccotrina Garsault (1767, nom. Inval. ICBN -Article 32.8), Aloe vera Mill. (1768, nom. Illeg. ICBN - Article 53.1), Aloe succotrina Lam. (1783, nom. Illeg. ICBN Article 53.1), Aloe perfoliata var. Purpurascens Aiton (1789), Aloe purpurascens (Aiton) Haw. (1804), Aloe perfoliata var. Succotrina Aiton (1789), Aloe sinuata Thunb. (1794), Aloe soccotrina var. Purpurascens Ker Gawl. (1812, nom. Inval. ICBN -Article 43.1), Aloe soccotorina Schult. & School f. (1829, nom. Inval. ICBN -Article 61.1) and Aloe succotrina var. Saxigena A.Berger (1908).

Use in medicine

In the Middle Ages and in the early modern period, the dried juice of aloe species known as aloe was used as an ingredient in ointments for skin diseases. The best aloe was considered to be aloe succotrinum (also called aloe succotrini etc.), the saffron yellow variety made from aloe succotrina. This aloe variety was possibly obtained from the Socotra archipelago in the Indian Ocean, a trading center for trade between Egypt and India.

proof

literature

Susan Carter , John J. Lavranos , Leonard E. Newton , Colin C. Walker : Aloes. The definitive guide . Kew Publishing, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew 2011, ISBN 978-1-84246-439-7 , pp. 579 .
Leonard Eric Newton: Aloe succotrina . In: Urs Eggli (Hrsg.): Succulent lexicon. Monocotyledons . Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3662-7 , pp. 183 .

Individual evidence

↑ Urs Eggli, Leonard E. Newton: Etymological Dictionary of Succulent Plant Names . Springer, Berlin / Heidelberg 2010, ISBN 978-3-642-05597-3 , p. 233.

↑ Carlo Allioni: Auctuarium ad Synopsim Methodicam Stirpium Horti Regii Taurinensis . Turin 1773, p. 13.

^ Wilhelm Hassenstein: The fireworks book from 1420. 600 years of German powder weapons and gunsmithing. Reprint of the first print from 1529 with translation into standard German and explanations, Munich 1941, p. 112 ("Aloe grows in large quantities in India. [...] The herb has a strong smell, tastes bitter, from which the juice is made. The is three things: the topmost in the juice, dried in the sun, is called succutrinam [...]. Aloe succotrina is like the saffron on the color. ").

↑ Werner Dressendörfer: Late medieval medicine taxes of the Munich city doctor Sigmund Gotzkircher from the Grazer Codex 311. A contribution to the early history of the southern German pharmacy. Königshausen and Neumann Würzburg 1978 (= Würzburg medical-historical research , 15), p. 175.

↑ Werner Dressendörfer: "In apotecis circa realtum". Venice as a shopping place for medicinal drugs during the 15th century (= contributions to the history of the drug trade in the Middle Ages, 2nd part), in: Orbis pictus. Cultural and pharmaceutical history studies , Festschrift Wolfgang-Hagen Hein, ed. by Werner Dressendörfer and Wolf-Dieter Müller-Jahncke, Frankfurt am Main 1985, pp. 73–86; here: p. 79.

Web links

Commons : Aloe succotrina - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Aloe succotrina on the Red List of South African Plants

[1] Urs Eggli, Leonard E. Newton: Etymological Dictionary of Succulent Plant Names . Springer, Berlin / Heidelberg 2010, ISBN 978-3-642-05597-3 , p. 233.

[2] Carlo Allioni: Auctuarium ad Synopsim Methodicam Stirpium Horti Regii Taurinensis . Turin 1773, p. 13.

[3] Wilhelm Hassenstein: The fireworks book from 1420. 600 years of German powder weapons and gunsmithing. Reprint of the first print from 1529 with translation into standard German and explanations, Munich 1941, p. 112 ("Aloe grows in large quantities in India. [...] The herb has a strong smell, tastes bitter, from which the juice is made. The is three things: the topmost in the juice, dried in the sun, is called succutrinam [...]. Aloe succotrina is like the saffron on the color. ").