Alpine flowers

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Alpine flowers
Common alpine marguerite (Leucanthemopsis alpina)

Common alpine marguerite ( Leucanthemopsis alpina )

Systematics
Euasterids II
Order : Astern-like (Asterales)
Family : Daisy family (Asteraceae)
Subfamily : Asteroideae
Tribe : Anthemideae
Genre : Alpine flowers
Scientific name
Leucanthemopsis
( Giroux ) Heywood

The alpine wild flowers ( Leucanthemopsis ) are a genus of plants in the sunflower family (Asteraceae).

description

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Illustration from atlas of the alpine flora of the common alpine herbaceous flower ( Leucanthemopsis alpina )

Vegetative characteristics

Leucanthemopsis species are always herbaceous plants that usually remain low; they rarely reach heights of growth over 20 centimeters. The above-ground parts of the plant are bare or hairy. The leaves are simple to pinnate.

Generative characteristics

The cup-shaped inflorescences contain white or yellow, female ray florets and yellow, hermaphrodite tubular florets . The fruits are achenes .

Systematics

Taxonomy

The name Leucanthemopsis was first published by Mathilde Giroux as a subsection of the Tanacetum section Pyrethrum sect Leucanthemopsis Giroux . The rank of a genus Leucanthemopsis (Giroux) Heywood was published by Vernon Hilton Heywood . Further synonyms for the genus Leucanthemopsis (Giroux) Heywood are: Pyrethrum section Leucoglossa DC. , Tanacetum Section Leucoglossa (DC.) Schultz.-Bip. , Pyrethrum Section Pyrethrum Willk. ex will. & Lange , Pyrethrum Section Leucanthemopsis (Giroux) Tzvelev . The type species of the genus is Leucanthemopsis alpina (L.) Heywood .

Types and distribution

Common alpine growth flower ( Leucanthemopsis alpina )
Leucanthemopsis pallida
Leucanthemopsis pulverulenta

The areas range from Europe to West Asia and North Africa . They are mainly found in the mountains of Europe, from the Carpathian Mountains to southern Spain. The center of biodiversity is the Iberian Peninsula .

There are about eight species in the genus alpine growth flowers ( Leucanthemopsis ):

  • Common alpine herbaceous flower ( Leucanthemopsis alpina (L.) Heywood , Syn .: Chrysanthemum alpinum L. ): There are some subspecies:
    • Leucanthemopsis alpina (L.) Heywood subsp. alpina : It occurs from Spain via Andorra to France, Switzerland and Italy. An occurrence in Austria is not considered certain.
    • Leucanthemopsis alpina subsp. cuneata (Pau) Heywood (Syn .: Leucanthemopsis cuneata (Pau) Holub ): It occurs only in Spain.
    • Leucanthemopsis alpina subsp. minima (Vill.) Holub (Syn .: Leucanthemopsis minima (Vill.) Marchi ): It occurs from Spain via France, Switzerland, Italy to Liechtenstein and Austria.
    • Leucanthemopsis alpina subsp. tatrae (Vierh.) Holub (Syn .: Leucanthemopsis tatrae (Vierh.) Holub ): It occurs in Poland, Romania, Slovakia. An occurrence in Ukraine is not considered certain.
    • Leucanthemopsis alpina subsp. tomentosa (Loisel.) Heywood (Syn .: Leucanthemopsis tomentosa (Loisel.) Holub ): It probably only occurs in Corsica. An occurrence in Spain is not considered certain.
  • Leucanthemopsis flaveola (Hoffmanns. & Link) Heywood (Syn .: Chrysanthemum flaveolum (Hoffmanns. & Link) Cout. ): It occurs in Portugal and Spain. The number of chromosomes is 2n = 36.
  • Leucanthemopsis longipectinata (Font Quer) Heywood (Syn .: Leucanthemum longipectinatum Font Quer ): It occurs in Morocco.
  • Leucanthemopsis pallida (Miller) Heywood ( Chrysanthemum pallidum Mill. ): It occurs in three subspecies only in Spain. The number of chromosomes is 2n = 36.
    • Leucanthemopsis pallida (Mill.) Heywood subsp. pallida : This endemic avoids lime and occurs only in central Spain.
    • Leucanthemopsis pallida subsp. spathulifolia (J.Gay) Heywood (Syn .: Leucanthemopsis spathulifolia (J.Gay) Rivas Mart., A.Asensi, Molero Mesa & F.Valle , Pyrethrum spathulifolium J.Gay ): This endemic occurs on lime only in southeastern Spain .
    • Leucanthemopsis pallida subsp. virescens (Pau) Heywood (Syn .: Tanacetum pallidum subsp. virescens (Pau) Heywood ): It occurs on limestone in eastern and central-eastern Spain.
  • Leucanthemopsis pectinata (L.) G.López & CEJarvis (Syn .: Leucanthemopsis radicans (Cav.) Heywood , Chrysanthemum pectinatum L. , Tanacetum radicans (Cav.) Sch. Bip. ): It only thrives above 2500 meters in Spain in the Sierra Nevada and occurs in Morocco. The number of chromosomes is 2n = 18.
  • Leucanthemopsis pulverulenta (Lag.) Heywood (Syn .: Chrysanthemum hispanicum (Willk.) Dörfl. , Chrysanthemum pulverulentum (Lag.) Pers. , Pyrethrum hispanicum Willk. , Pyrethrum pulverulentum Lag. ): It occurs in two subspecies on the Iberian Peninsula :
    • Leucanthemopsis pulverulenta (Lag.) Heywood subsp. pulverulenta : It occurs in Portugal and in northern and central Spain.
    • Leucanthemopsis pulverulenta subsp. pseudopulverulenta (Heywood) Heywood (Syn .: Leucanthemopsis pallida subsp. pseudopulverulenta (Heywood) O.Bolòs & Vigo ): It occurs only in eastern and south-eastern Spain.

literature

  • Vernon Hilton Heywood : Leucanthemopsis (Giroux) Heywood - A new Genus of the Compositae - Anthemideae in Anales del Instituto Botánico AJ Cavanilles , Volume 32, Issue 2, 1975, pages 175-187. Full text PDF. (engl.)

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k Werner Greuter (2006+): Compositae (pro parte majore). In: W. Greuter, E. von Raab-Straube (Ed.): Compositae. : Datasheet Leucanthemopsis In: Euro + Med Plantbase - the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity.
  2. ↑ a b c d e f g h i Vernon Hilton Heywood : Leucanthemopsis (Giroux) Heywood. In: Thomas Gaskell Tutin et al .: Flora Europaea , Volume 4, Cambridge University Press 1976, ISBN 0-521-08717-1 , pp. 172-173.

Web links

Commons : Alpenwucherblumen ( Leucanthemopsis )  - Collection of images, videos and audio files