Old weights and measures (Mecklenburg)
This article describes the historical weights and measures of Mecklenburg . The large number of different weights and measures in German cities and countries was particularly problematic for merchants, craftsmen and surveyors at the time when carrying out their professional activities.
Length measurements
foot
From the middle of the 18th century, the Lübeck foot normalized for land surveys in Mecklenburg-Schwerin , which, according to a declaration by the Lübeck Senate, was 127.5 Parisian lines ; according to the Mecklenburg-Schwerin law of 1757 the same was assumed to be 129 Parisian lines = 0.291 meters.
When the building and work base was
- 1 Hamburg foot = 127.04 Paris lines = 0.286 meters,
was at road construction
- 1 Rhineland foot = 139.13 Paris lines = 0.314 meters
- 1 Rostock foot = 127.54 Parisian lines = 0.288 meters.
In Mecklenburg-Strelitz the Rhineland foot was used for construction and trenching work, but the Mecklenburg foot of 0.291 meters as a field measure .
Cubit
According to sovereign ordinances, the Mecklenburgische Elle was covered by the
- Hamburger cubit = 254.07 Parisian lines = 0.573 meters,
but they also existed
- Rostock cubit = 255.07 Parisian lines = 0.575 meters, the
- Wismar's cubit = 257.95 Parisian lines = 0.582 meters and the
- Strelitzer cubit = 306.28 Parisian lines = 0.691 meters.
Rod
- 1 Mecklenburg Ruthe = 16 feet of 12 inches , also divided into 10 "decimal feet" of 10 "decimal inches".
In Mecklenburg-Strelitz had a field measurement
- Ruthe = 16 Mecklenburg feet,
- Bauruthe = Prussian Ruthe = 12 Rhineland feet.
When digging you used
- 1 rod = 16 Rhineland feet.
mile
- 1 Mecklenburg mile = 1 Prussian mile = 24,000 Rhineland feet = 26,337 Hamburg feet 4 inches = 7532.485 meters.
Area dimensions
The Mecklenburg morning was calculated at 300 square rods (the rod = 16 feet with 129 Parisian lines). The state constitutional comparison of inheritance from the year 1755 determined that the Hufe should have 300 bushels incidence according to the correct Rostock measurements. The “convocation day farewell” on October 4th 1808 ”determined that 600 bushels of sowing should be counted for one“ catastrophic hoof ”, and according to this there were three quarters, half and quarter hooves.
In the forest land (forest) one calculated
- 100 square rods = 1 acre.
Room dimensions
Firewood dimensions
Firewood was measured by thread and came in a variety of sizes. There were logs from 2 to 6 feet long
- 7 feet high and 8 feet wide,
- 7 feet high and 7 feet wide,
- 6 feet high and 7 feet wide,
- 6 feet high and 6 feet wide.
The specified foot measurements were building feet or hamburger feet. The so-called “norming thread” measured 147 Hamburg cubic feet.
Dimensions of capacity (grain dimensions)
The grain sizes were very different. According to the regulation of 1755, the "Mecklenburg-Schwerin'sche Scheffel" should contain 2832 Mecklenburgian (Hamburg) cubic inches.
This legal bushel did not catch on in everyday life. The “Rostocker Scheffel ” came closest to him and became the general state or normal shepherd. However, in some localities the use of a different bushel was permitted.
The Prussian bushel was introduced in Mecklenburg-Strelitz.
Bushel style | Parisian cc | french Liters | Rostock measure |
---|---|---|---|
1 bushel in Rostock | 1960.5 | 38.889 | - |
1 bushel in Schwerin | 2038.9 | 40.445 | 1 Sch. 0.64 M. |
1 bushel in Strelitz | 2770.7 | 54.962 | 1 Sch. 6,613 M. |
1 bushel in Güstrow | 2008.5 | 39.842 | 1 Sch. 0.392 M. |
1 bushel in Parchim | 2759.2 | 54.728 | 1 Sch. 6,516 M. |
1 bushel in goods | 2874.2 | 57.009 | 1 Sch. 7,455 M. |
1 bushel in Wismar | 2006.2 | 39.796 | 1 Sch. 0.373 M. |
1 Himpten in Boizenburg | 1307.0 | 25,926 | - Sch. 10,667 M. |
The table above shows that the bushels from Wismar , Schwerin and Güstrow differed only slightly from the state sheffel. The Parchim 's bushel is the old Berlin bushel , the new Berlin bushel was used in Grabow and Strelitz . In normal traffic, 5 Parchim's bushels (large measure) = 7 Rostock bushels (small measure).
Rostock bushel | Schwerin Bushel | Strelitz bushel | Parchim's bushel | Guestrower Bushel | Goods bushel | Wismar bushel | Boizenburger Himpten | french Hectoliters | Large Hessian painters | Hanoverian painter |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
100 | 96.155 | 70.757 | 71.053 | 97.61 | 68.21 | 97.722 | 150 | 38.889 | 50.382 | 20.806 |
Bavarian bushels | Frankfurt painter | Hamburger barrel | new Nassauer painters | Baden painters | Württemberg bushel | Brunswick Himpten | Wiener Metzen | English Imperial Quarter | Copenhagen grain barrels | Dutch Mudden |
17,489 | 33.893 | 73.863 | 38.889 | 25,926 | 21,943 | 124.865 | 63.235 | 13,374 | 27,954 | 38.889 |
Classification of the grain dimensions:
- 1 load = 8 Drömt (Drömpt) with 12 bushels with 4 barrels or four with 4 meats.
In Boizenburg one calculated:
- 1 load = 4 wispel with 6 bags with 4 bushels with 1½ himpten each or 6 lockers
- 3 Boizenburger Himpt = 2 Rostock bushels.
Salt and coal were sold after a special load of 12 tons of 6 Rostock bushels each.
Potatoes were also measured in tons of 3 bushels. Potatoes were measured piled; Grain, on the other hand, measured deleted. Only in the case of oats was both leveled and heaped measurements taken.
Had in Mecklenburg-Strelitz
- 1 load = 4 bisons of 2 Drömt of 12½ struck bushels, the bison thus 25 bushels.
In the trade, 2 bushels more, i.e. 27 bushels, were given to the wispel for oats. The Strelitz bushel was actually the same as the large Parchim bushel, but the new Prussian bushel was generally used.
Liquid measures
- 1 fuder = 4 oxhofts of 6 anchors of 40 quart or pots
The pot legally had the same content as that
- Hamburger Quartier = 45.624 Parisian cubic inches = 0.9025 French liters
Or:
- 1 Fuder = 6 ohms of 5 buckets of 32 pots
Or:
- 1 ton = 4 quarters of 4 cans of 2 pots of 2 planks
french Liters | great hess. Measure | Bavarian Measure | Frankf. Standard | Lübeck pitchers | hannov. Pitchers | engl. Imp Gallon | Baden measure | wurtemb. Lightness standard | prussia. quart | Viennese measure | brown-black Quarter |
96,250 | 45.125 | 84,422 | 50.337 | 48.195 | 45.354 | 19,863 | 60.166 | 49.127 | 78.819 | 63.780 | 96,334 |
Counting measures
- 1 large = 12 dozen of each
- 1 room = 4 roofs of 10 pieces
- 1 shock = 3 steps of 20 pieces
- 1 almond = 15 pieces
- 1 twelfth board = 12 pieces
- 1 Fimm = 100 bundles (straw, roof pipe)
- 1 bale = 10 reams of 20 books with 24 sheets of writing paper or 25 sheets of printing paper.
See also counting measures
Weights
Commercial weight
- 1 "Centner" = 112 pounds of 32 loth of 4 quents each.
- 1 ship pound = 20 read pounds = 280 pounds.
- 1 pound for a ship = 20 pounds = 320 pounds.
- 1 heavy stone (wool) = 22 pounds.
- 1 stone flax = 20 pounds.
- 1 light stone (feathers) = 10 pounds.
According to a sovereign ordinance, the Lübeck weight should apply in Mecklenburg-Schwerin. In trade, however, the old Hamburg weight prevailed (since July 1, 1858, the duty pound of 500 grams also applied in Hamburg ).
- 1 Lübeck pound = 484.71 French grams .
- 1 hamburger pound = 484.17 French grams.
The Lübeck pound was 0.04202 loth heavier than the hamburger.
Hamburger pound | french kilogram | Bavarian lb | great hess. lb | frankf. light pounds | hannov. lb | Bremen pound | new Nassau pounds | Baden pound | English pounds | Strelitzer pound | new pruss. lb | wurtemb. lb | Kasseler black lb | Viennese pound | brown-black lb | Lübeck pound |
100 | 48.417 | 86.45 | 96.83 | 103.46 | 103.57 | 97.12 | 96.83 | 96.83 | 106.73 | 103.51 | 96.83 | 103.51 | 99.98 | 86.45 | 103.51 | 99.89 |
- 1 pound Rostock scale weight = 508.23 grams = 33.59 Loth Hamburger weight.
In Mecklenburg-Strelitz the previous one, abolished on July 1, 1858, was in effect
- Prussian weight: 1 pound = 467.71 grams; 1 centner = 110 pounds = 5 heavy or 10 light stones.
Gold and silver weight
The weight of gold and silver was the Cologne mark = 233.81 grams.
- 1 Mark Silver = 8 Ounces = 16 Loth = 288 Grän
- 1 mark gold = 24 carats = 288 grän
Processed silver should be 12 solder fine.
Pharmacist weight
- 1 medicinal pound = 357.57 grams = 12 ounces of 8 drachms of 3 scruples of 20 grains each
After 1858, the tariff pound introduced in Prussia and other states should also apply in Mecklenburg . This new weight corresponded to the French weight system. After that was
- 1 pound = 1/2 kilogram .
- 1 load became 50 centners,
- 1 centner counted to 100 pounds.
- 1 pound = 30 lots of 10 quents of 10 cents of 10 grains each.
Since 1 French kilogram was equal to 1000 grams, so was
- 1 pound = 500 grams of the new weight,
- 1 loth = 16.66 grams,
- 1 ounce = 1.66 grams.
With the introduction of the new weight, the previous pharmacist, gold and silver weight also changed. The coin mark was also canceled.
literature
- Wilhelm Raabe: Meklenburgische Vaterlandskunde, second part: Special regional and folklore of both grand duchies. Printed and published by the Hinstorff'schen Hofbuchhandlung in 1863.