Altväterbrücke

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Medal 1690, minted in the Dresden Mint . On the front the old father water pipe (aqueduct), on the back the St. Anna pit.
Altväterbrücke near Freiberg, copper engraving, first half of the 19th century
The old fathers water pipe in the 19th century, Ludwig Richter

The Altväterbrücke was an aqueduct and the most important water management system of the Halsbrücker mining industry. It was built between 1686 and 1715 under the direction of the Saxon chief miner Abraham von Schönberg . In 1893 it was demolished because it was in disrepair.

function

Altväterbrücke around 1964

Since rechtsmuldig no impact water was available, the water was the Münzbaches in Altväter- Kunstgraben with Altväterbrücke to the major pit "St. Anna and her grandfathers ”. It crossed the hollow at a height of 14 meters above the water level . At the St. Anna mine and its grandfathers , the water was fed to the artificial wheel of the mine via an impact chute and then passed through the Anna tunnel into the Muldental.

Artificial moat

The Altväter-Kunstgraben begins about 1.5 kilometers above the mouth of the Münzbach in the Mulde at an altitude of about 330  m above sea level. NN . It is, including the Altväterbrücke , about 3 kilometers long to the pit and comes there at a level of about 325  m above sea level. NN a. Mathematically, this corresponds to a gradient of 1.7 ‰.

Anna-Stolln

The Anna-Stolln was probably started as the Rothenfurther Stolln in 1470 , but later lay fallow for an unknown time. From 1550 the Freiberg mountain master Simon Bogner continued the work on the now called Bogner deep gallery in Rothenfurth . From its mouth at Rothenfurth an der Mulde, the tunnel was driven a total of about five kilometers on the Halsbrücker Spat , the main corridor of the Halsbrücker mining industry, to the St. Anna mine, which was awarded in 1670 . The mouth hole is about 284  m above sea level. NN , the gradient is not known, but can be assumed with sufficient certainty as 2 ‰. This means that the height of fall of the impact water between the impact rock and the tunnel bottom is approx. 30 meters.

The Anna-Stolln brought a depth of around 50 meters , the mine workings reached a depth of up to 260 meters.

Artificial bike and artifacts

The underground artificial wheel drove the artifacts in the St. Anna art shaft and this lifted the pit water approx. 210 meters to the bottom of the tunnel, where it flowed off together with the impact water used.

design type

Altväterbrücke in its current state

The bridge was built between June 1686 and 1715 next to the existing road bridge. The 188.5 meter long aqueduct consisted of twelve stone arches with a span of 10 to 14 meters and a maximum height of 24 meters. Already at the time of construction it was considered a masterpiece of technology, because the exploitation medal from 1690 bears the slogan: “What human hand can do through God, you can see here with wonder.” Severe structural damage to the quarry stone walls finally forced the upper one in 1893 Demolish part of the bridge. The pillars were blown up by pioneers of the Saxon Pioneer Regiment No. 12. Today the lower part of the Altväterbrücke can still be used as a road bridge.

additional

From 1788, a section of the Churprinz mine canal was used to bridge an additional watercourse. The canal led through a bridge arch on the east side of the Mulde, was fed with its water and served to transport ore on barges to the Halsbrücke hut .

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Author collective: Technical monuments in the German Democratic Republic . Ed .: Otfried Wagenbreth , Eberhard Wächtler . 4th edition. Springer Spectrum, Berlin 2015, ISBN 978-3-662-44716-1 , p. 55 ( books.google.de - Unchanged reprint of the edition: Deutscher Verlag für Grundstoffindustrie, Leipzig 1989).
  2. ^ A b Otfried Wagenbreth: The Freiberg mining industry . Technical monuments and history. Ed .: Eberhard Wächtler. 2nd Edition. German publishing house for basic industry, Leipzig 1988, ISBN 3-342-00117-8 .
  3. ^ C. Kretzschmar: The Altväter Bridge near Freiberg. In: Yearbook for mining and metallurgy in the Kingdom of Saxony to the year 1894 , pp. 1–27

Web links

Commons : Altväterbrücke  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Coordinates: 50 ° 57 ′ 30.8 ″  N , 13 ° 19 ′ 52.6 ″  E