Aluísio Azevedo

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Aluísio Azevedo

Aluísio Azevedo , actually Aluísio Tancredo Gonçalves de Azevedo (pronounced [ɐlwizju tɐkɾedu ɡõsaɫviʒ dʒ ɐze̞vedu] ) (* 14. April 1857 in São Luís , Maranhão , † 21st January 1913 in Buenos Aires ) was a Brazilian diplomat , writer and artist.

Life

Azevedo came from a wealthy family: his father was the Portuguese diplomat David Gonçalves de Azevedo, his mother Emília Amália Pinto de Magalhães came from one of the country's leading families. The writer Artur Azevedo (1855–1908) was his older brother.

At the age of nineteen Azevedo went to Rio de Janeiro in 1876 to study art at the Escola Nacional de Belas Artes . After graduating, he became a caricaturist for magazines such as “O Figaro”, “A Semana Illustrada” or “Zig-Zag”. When his father died in 1878, Azevedo returned to São Luís and looked after the family. During this time he began to neglect drawing in favor of writing and was able to debut very successfully as a writer in 1880.

When he returned to Rio de Janeiro, he was a well-known writer, although he never achieved his brother's notoriety. Between 1882 and 1895 he published almost non-stop.

During the Prudente de Morais presidency , Azevedo represented his country at the court of King Alfonso XIII. ( Madrid ) and with Tenno Meiji ( Tokyo ). He was later sent as a diplomat to the court of Victoria ( London ) and to President Roque Sáenz Peña in Buenos Aires. Aluísio Azevedo died there on January 21, 1913 at the age of 55.

reception

Azevedo was still very much attached to romanticism with “Uma Lágrima de Mulher”, his first novel . But he soon found a more suitable basis for his work in naturalism . With “O Mulato” he created the first naturalistic novel in Brazilian literary history in 1881. This book caused a scandal because the author denounced the preventive role of the church in the fight against racial discrimination.

Socio-politically active, Azevedo published many articles and pamphlets in which he fought for abolitionism . Azevedo wrote many of his works alone; some, however, together with his colleague Émile Rouède or with his brother. Together with his brother he was one of the 40 founding members of the Academia Brasileira de Letras and held Cadeira No. 4 from 1897 .

Works

stories
  • Demônios . 1895.
Novels
  • Uma Lágrima de Mulher . 1880.
  • O Mulato . 1881. (German edition: Der Mulatte. 1964).
  • Casa de Pensão . 1884. (German edition: A Brazilian tenement house. 1929)
  • Filomena Borges . 1884.
  • O Cortiço . 1890. New edition: Editora moderna, São Paulo, 1991, ISBN 85-16-00149-0
  • A Mortalha de Alzira . 1894.
Non-fiction
  • O Japão. Chronica . 1894.
Plays
  • Os Doidos . 1879.
  • Casa de Orates . 1882.
  • O Caboclo . 1886.
  • O Adultério . 1891.
  • Em Flagrante . 1891.
Work edition
  • Obras completas . Editorial Martins, São Paulo 1959/62 (12 vol.).

literature

Essays
  • Silvina Carrizo: De imigrantes e mulatas. Mestçagem e xenofobia em "O cortico" de Aluísio Azevedo . In: Revista da ANPOLL , Vol. 6/7 (1999), pp. 101-127, ISSN  1414-7564 .
  • Regina Dalcastagnè: Da senzala ao cortiço. História e literatura em Aluísio Azevedo e João Ubaldo Ribeiro . In: Revista brasileira de história , Vol. 21 (2001), Issue 42, pp. 483-494, ISSN  0102-0188 .
  • José Luís Fornos: A construção de nação ea representação da mulher em "O Barão e Lavos" de Abel Botelho e "O Mulato" de Aluísio Azevedo . In: Letras de hoje , Vol. 33 (1998), Issue 111, pp. 111-130, ISSN  0101-3335 .
  • Sabine Schlickers: Brazilian Naturalism in a Latin American Context. “O Cortiço” (1890) by Aluísio Azevedo . In: Horst Nitschak (ed.): Brazil in the American context. From the empire to politics, culture, society and politics . TFM, Frankfurt / M. 2005, pp. 247-259, ISBN 3-925203-94-X .
  • Carlos Wehrs: Dom Filipe de Bourbon no Brasil, Aluísio Azevedo eo Tosão de Ouro . In: Revista do Instituto histórico e geográfico brasileiro , vol. 160 (1990), issue 403, pp. 425-467, ISSN  0101-4366 .
Monographs
  • Pércio B. de Castro: De la península hacia Latinoamérica. El naturalismo social en Emilia Pardo Bazán , Eugenio Cambaceres y Aluísio Azevedo . Peter Lang Verlag, New York 1993, ISBN 0-8204-2105-7 .
  • João Roberto Faria (Ed.): Teatro de Aluísio Azevedo e Émilio Rouède . Martins Fontes, São Paulo 2002, ISBN 85-336-1626-0 .
  • Jean-Yves Mérian: Aluísio Azevedo, vida e obra (1857-1913). O verdadeira Brasil do século XIX . Espaço e Tempo, Rio de Janeiro 1988, ISBN 85-85114-55-X (also dissertation, University of Rennes 1980).
  • João Sedycias: The naturalistic novel of the new world. A comparative study of Stephen Crane , Aluísio Azevedoí and Federico Gamboa . University Press, Lanham, Md. 1993, ISBN 0-8191-8941-3 .

Web links

Commons : Aluísio Azevedo  - collection of images, videos and audio files
Wikisource: Aluísio Azevedo  - Texts (Portuguese)

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Translator: Alfred Antkowiak
  2. ↑ Knaur Nachf., Berlin. Translated from Portuguese to American by Harry W. Brown. Translated into German by Eva Mellinger.
personal data
SURNAME Azevedo, Aluísio
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Gonçalves de Azevedo, Aluísio Tancredo
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Brazilian diplomat, writer and draftsman
DATE OF BIRTH April 14, 1857
PLACE OF BIRTH São Luís , Maranhão
DATE OF DEATH January 21, 1913
Place of death Buenos Aires