Amblyomma
| Amblyomma | ||||||||||||
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Amblyomma americanum |
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| Systematics | ||||||||||||
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Amblyomma | ||||||||||||
| CL Koch , 1844 |
Amblyomma is a genus of the ticks (Ixodidae). It is distributed worldwide, with most of the species occurring in the New World . Certain species cantransmit infectious diseasesas vectors , including Rocky Mountains spotted fever in humans and tularemia , anaplasmosis, and water-borne heart disease in animals.
features
The mouth parts are significantly longer than the part of the Gnathosoma that is close to the body (called "base capituli"), so bites can be more painful than from other ticks. The genus is endowed with eyes. There are ornaments on the chitin shield. This genus does not have additional shields on the anus.
The ticks can get very large. The females of Amblyomma tuberculatum reach up to 25 millimeters. This makes them the largest ticks on the North American continent. The species Amblyomma varium , which lives in South America and feeds on sloths , can grow even larger.
distribution
Numerous species of this genus are known. They can be found in warm regions north and south of the equator on all continents. They can occur in the northern hemisphere up to 40 degrees latitude , in the southern hemisphere they reach 50 degrees south latitude . They also occur within this range on islands far away from the mainland such as the Galápagos Islands and the Antilles . Many endemic forms are found here.
Way of life
The ticks not only parasitize mammals, but can also attack amphibians and reptiles . Amblyomma dissimile affects iguanas and Amblyomma tuberculatum is found on turtles.
Systematics
The genus Amblyomma is the third largest within the family of ticks. The species list is based on Kolonin (2009).
- Amblyomma albolimbatum Neumann, 1907
- Amblyomma albopictum Neumann, 1899
- Amblyomma americanum (Linnaeus, 1758)
- Amblyomma antillorum Kohls, 1969
- Amblyomma argentinae Neumann, 1904
- Amblyomma astrion Dönitz, 1909
- Amblyomma aureolatum (Pallas, 1772)
- Amblyomma auricularium (Conil, 1878)
- Amblyomma australiense Neumann, 1905
- Amblyomma babirussae Schulze, 1933
- Amblyomma boulengeri Hirst & Hirst, 1910
- Amblyomma brasiliense Aragão, 1908
- Amblyomma cajennense (Fabricius, 1787)
- Amblyomma calabyi Roberts, 1953
- Amblyomma calcaratum Naumann, 1899
- Amblyomma chabaudi Rageau, 1964
- Amblyomma clypeolatum Neumann, 1899
- Amblyomma coelebs Neumann, 1899
- Amblyomma cohaerens Dönitz, 1909
- Amblyomma compressum (Macalister, 1872)
- Amblyomma cordiferum Neumann, 1899
- Amblyomma crassum Robinson, 1926
- Amblyomma crenatum Neumann, 1899
- Amblyomma cruciferum Neumann, 1901
- Amblyomma cyprium Neumann, 1899
- Amblyomma darwini Hirst & Hirst, 1910
- Amblyomma dissimile CL Koch, 1844
- Amblyomma dubitatum Neumann, 1899
- Amblyomma eburneum Gerstaecker, 1873
- Amblyomma falsomarmoreum Tonelli-Rondelli, 1935
- Amblyomma fulvum Neumann, 1899
- Amblyomma fuscum Neumann, 1907
- Amblyomma geayi Neumann, 1899
- Amblyomma gemma Dönitz, 1909
- Amblyomma geochelone Durden, Keirans & Smith, 2002
- Amblyomma geoemydae (Cantor, 1847)
- Amblyomma glauerti Keirans, King, Sharrad, 1994
- Amblyomma goeldii Neumann, 1899
- Amblyomma hebraeum CL Koch, 1844
- Amblyomma helvolum CL Koch, 1844
- Amblyomma hirtum Neumann, 1906
- Amblyomma humeral CL Koch, 1844
- Amblyomma imitator Kohls, 1958
- Amblyomma incisum Neumann, 1906
- Amblyomma inornatum (Banks, 1909)
- Amblyomma integrum Karsh, 1879
- Amblyomma javanense (Supino, 1897)
- Amblyomma latepunctatum Tonelli-Rondelli, 1939
- Amblyomma lepidum Dönitz, 1909
- Amblyomma limbatum Neumann, 1899
- Amblyomma loculosum Neumann, 1907
- Amblyomma longirostre (CL Koch, 1844)
- Amblyomma macfarlandi Keirans, Hoogstraal & Clifford, 1973
- Amblyomma macropi Roberts, 1953
- Amblyomma maculatum CL Koch, 1844
- Amblyomma marmoreum CL Koch, 1844
- Amblyomma moreliae CL Koch, 1867
- Amblyomma moyi Roberts, 1953
- Amblyomma multipunctum Neumann, 1899
- Amblyomma naponense (Packard, 1869)
- Amblyomma neumanni Ribaga, 1902
- Amblyomma nitidum Hirst & Hirst, 1910
- Amblyomma nodosum Neumann, 1899
- Amblyomma nuttalli Dönitz, 1909
- Amblyomma oblongoguttatum CL Koch, 1844
- Amblyomma oval CL Koch, 1844
- Amblyomma pacae Aragão, 1911
- Amblyomma papuanum Hirst, 1914
- Amblyomma parvitarsum Neumann, 1901
- Amblyomma parvum Aragão, 1908
- Amblyomma paulopunctatum Neumann, 1899
- Amblyomma pecarium Dunn, 1933
- Amblyomma personatum Neumann, 1901
- Amblyomma pictum Neumann, 1906
- Amblyomma pilosum Neumann, 1899
- Amblyomma pomposum Dönitz, 1909
- Amblyomma postoculatum Neumann, 1899
- Amblyomma pseudoconcolor Aragão, 1908
- Amblyomma pseudoparvum (Guglielmone, Mangold & Keirans, 1990)
- Amblyomma quadricavum (Schulze, 1941)
- Amblyomma rhinocerotis (De Geer, 1778)
- Amblyomma robinsoni Warburton, 1927
- Amblyomma romitii Tonelli-Rondelli, 1939
- Amblyomma rotundatum CL Koch, 1844
- Amblyomma sabanerae Stoll, 1894
- Amblyomma scalpturatum Neumann, 1906
- Amblyomma scutatum Neumann, 1899
- Amblyomma sparsum Neumann, 1899
- Amblyomma splendidum gable, 1899
- Amblyomma squamosum Kohls, 1953
- Amblyomma supinoi Neumann, 1905
- Amblyomma sylvaticum (De Geer, 1778)
- Amblyomma tapirellum Dunn, 1933
- Amblyomma testudinarium CL Koch, 1844
- Amblyomma tholloni Neumann, 1899
- Amblyomma tigrinum CL Koch, 1844
- Amblyomma torrei Vigueras, 1934
- Amblyomma triguttatum CL Koch, 1844
- Amblyomma triste CL Koch, 1844
- Amblyomma tuberculatum Marx, 1894
- Amblyomma usingeri Keirans, Hoogstraal & Clifford, 1973
- Amblyomma variegatum (Fabricius, 1794)
- Amblyomma varium CL Koch, 1844
- Amblyomma vikirri Keirans, Bull and Duffield, 1996
- Amblyomma williamsi Banks, 1924
Individual evidence
- ^ Dwight D. Bowman, Jay R. Georgi: Georgis' Parasitology for Veterinarians. Saunders, 2008, p. 58, at Google Books
- ↑ a b G. V. Kolonin: Fauna of Ixodid Ticks of the World (Acari, Ixodidae). Moscow 2009, Genus Amblyomma (online) ( Memento from September 22, 2010 in the Internet Archive )
literature
- Wilhelm Dönitz: About the tick genus Amblyomma. Meeting reports of the Society of Friends of Nature Research Berlin 8, pp. 440–482, 1909
- Dwight D. Bowman, Jay R. Georgi: Georgis' Parasitology for Veterinarians. Saunders, 2008, p. 58, ISBN 978-1-416-04412-3
- Overview of the arachnid system By Carl Ludwig Koch 1837 pp. 50–98
- Regional project for the eradication of amblyomma variegatum / heartwate from the carribbean Von IICA-Guyana
Web links
- Amblyomma at Fauna Europaea. Retrieved June 9, 2011