Ammonium hexachloroplatinate (IV)

Structural formula
General
Surname	Ammonium hexachloroplatinate (IV)
other names	Diammonium hexachloroplatinate Platinum almiac Ammonium platinum (IV) chloride
Molecular formula	(NH 4 ) 2 [PtCl 6 ]
Brief description	yellow solid
External identifiers / databases
CAS number 16919-58-7 EC number 240-973-0 ECHA InfoCard 100.037.233 PubChem 16211460 ChemSpider 10628022 Wikidata Q2616062
properties
Molar mass	443.89 g mol −1
Physical state	firmly
density	3.07 g cm −3
Melting point	Decomposition from 185 ° C
solubility	poorly soluble in water: 7 g l −1 at 15 ° C 34 g kg −1 at 100 ° C insoluble in ethanol and diethyl ether
safety instructions
GHS hazard labeling from  Regulation (EC) No. 1272/2008 (CLP) , expanded if necessary danger H and P phrases H: 301-317-318-334 P: 261-280-301 + 310-305 + 351 + 338-342 + 311
Toxicological data	195 mg kg −1 ( LD 50 ,  rat ,  oral )
As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions .

Ammonium hexachloroplatinate (IV) is a chemical compound from the group of hexachloridoplatinates .

Extraction and presentation

Ammonium hexachloroplatinate (IV) can be obtained by reacting a weakly hydrochloric acid hexachloridoplatinic acid solution with ammonium chloride.

${\displaystyle \mathrm {H_{2}[PtCl_{6}]+2\ NH_{4}Cl\longrightarrow (NH_{4})_{2}[PtCl_{6}]\downarrow +2\ HCl} }$

It is also produced as an intermediate product in the process of separating platinum from anode sludge in the electrochemical extraction of copper, nickel or cobalt.

properties

Ammonium hexachloroplatinate (IV) is a yellow solid that is sparingly soluble in water and, unlike other hexachloroplatinates, is not hygroscopic. It decomposes when heated and produces platinum sponge .

${\displaystyle \mathrm {3\ (NH_{4})_{2}[PtCl_{6}]\ {\xrightarrow {1000\ ^{\circ }C}}\ 3\ Pt+2\ NH_{4}Cl+16\ HCl+2\ N_{2}} }$

It reacts with copper (II) acetate and hydrogen sulfide to form copper-platinum complexes which are used as diamagnetic materials and semiconductors. The connection has a cubic crystal structure with the space group Fm 3 m (space group no. 225) .

The insolubility in ethanol and diethyl ether allows the separation of platinum and palladium, since the analogous palladium compound is soluble in ethanol and diethyl ether.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b c d e f g h} Entry on ammonium hexachloroplatinate in the GESTIS substance database of the IFA , accessed on February 1, 2016(JavaScript required) .
2. ↑ ^{a b c d e f} George B. Kauffman: Ammonium hexachloroplatinate (IV) . In: S. Young Tyree, Jr. (Ed.): Inorganic Syntheses . tape 9 . McGraw-Hill Book Company, Inc., 1967, p. 182-185 (English).
3. ↑ Entry on Diammonium hexachloroplatinate in the Classification and Labeling Inventory of the European Chemicals Agency (ECHA), accessed on August 1, 2016. Manufacturers or distributors can expand the harmonized classification and labeling .
4. ↑ ^{a b} Georg Brauer: Handbook of preparative inorganic chemistry . 3., reworked. Edition. tape III . Enke, Stuttgart 1981, ISBN 3-432-87823-0 , pp. 1712 .
5. ↑ Seilnacht: Periodic Table: Platinum
6. ↑ Michael Moats, Venkoba Ramachandran, Timothy Robinson, WG Davenport: Extractive Metallurgy of Nickel, Cobalt and Platinum Group Metals . Elsevier, 2011, ISBN 0-08-096809-0 , pp. 509 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
7. ↑ Data sheet Ammonium hexachloroplatinate (IV), 99.999% trace metals basis from Sigma-Aldrich , accessed on August 23, 2013 ( PDF ).