Andean lupine
| Andean lupine | ||||||||||||
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Andean lupine ( Lupinus mutabilis ), illustration |
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| Lupinus mutabilis | ||||||||||||
| Sweet |
The Andean lupine ( Lupinus mutabilis ) is a species of plant in the genus Lupine ( Lupinus ). Originally from the Andean highlands , it was grown for its edible, bean-like seeds. There it is known in Quechua as Tarwi or Tawri ( Hispanicized Tarhui or Tauri ) and in Spanish as Chocho or Altramuz .
Other cultivated lupine species are Lupinus albus , Lupinus angustifolius and Lupinus luteus .
description
Vegetative characteristics
The Andean lupine is an upright, annual plant with a sturdy, more or less tubular, smooth or balding stem . It branches out strongly and often reaches heights of 1.0 to 2.5 m. It forms a deep tap root with many side roots, with " nodule bacteria ".
The petiole is 4 to 8 cm long. The leaf blade, which is divided in the shape of a hand, consists of five to nine whole-margined partial leaves (fingers). The partial leaves are lanceolate to obscure eilanceolate and rounded to pointed at the tip, as well as bald or sparsely hairy on both sides, they are up to 6 cm long and 1.2 cm wide. The stipules are shed.
Generative characteristics
The inflorescence stems are up to 10 cm long, the inflorescence axis is just as long to twice as long. The racemose inflorescence contains many flowers. There are two front and one cover sheet . The flower stalks are 5 to 14 mm long, hairless or finely covered with trichomes . The hermaphrodite, zygomorphic and fragrant butterfly flowers are 18 to 20 mm in length. The calyx is hairy and silky; the upper calyx lips are about 8 mm long, the lower 7 mm long. The petals are white or blue; the flag is occasionally more or less colored yellow in the middle of the back. The petals change color from white, pink, light blue to violet, purple or dark red from bud to wither. The wings are very broad. The shuttle is lashed. The ovary is on top with three to five ovules . There are 10 stamens available.
The legumes, which are about 8-10 cm long and 16 mm wide, are veined like a reticulum and are sparsely hairy, and contain three to nine seeds. The white or white-dark-brown spotted to yellowish or black, rounded to elliptical and slightly flattened, smooth seeds are about 0.8 to 1.3 cm in size.
The number of chromosomes is 2n = 42 or 48.
Occurrence
It occurs in Ecuador , Peru, Bolivia and Colombia up to an altitude of 4000 meters. Today it is also grown in Venezuela , Tanzania , Ethiopia and New Guinea .
use
This type of plant is widely cultivated in its range. Before preparation, the seeds must be rinsed under running water for several days or thoroughly watered several times. The water from the first soaking process is often used as an insecticide or fish poison.
literature
- J. Francis Macbride: Flora of Peru . Volume XIII, Part III, Number 1, Botanical Series, Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, USA, 1943, pp. 492-493.
- A wide range of information on the species from the GEB database - Justus Liebig University Gießen, accessed on October 18, 2018.
Web links
- Lupinus mutabilis from Useful Tropical Plants, accessed October 18, 2018.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Lupinus mutabilis at Tropicos.org. In: IPCN Chromosome Reports . Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis
- ↑ PROSEA: Plant Resources of South-East Asia 11. Auxiliary Plants, LIPI Press, 1997, 2007, ISBN 979-799-093-1 , S. 180th