Andrássy út

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Andrássy út with a view of the Hősök tere
Andrássy út in 1896

The Andrássy út (German: Andrássy -Straße ; formerly 1876-1885: sugárút (radial road), 1950-1956: Sztálin út ( Stalin -Straße), 1956-1957: Magyar Ifjúság útja (street of the Hungarian Youth), 1957 to 1990: Népköztársaság útja (Street of the People's Republic ) is the most famous, around 2.5 kilometers long boulevard street in Hungary's capital Budapest , which connects the city center with the City Park or Heroes' Square .

The stretch of road was along with the running under the road Földalatti (oldest underground railway in continental Europe) 2002 UNESCO - World Heritage appointed.

history

Cross section through the street

Until the 19th century, Király utca , which ran parallel to Andrássy út, was the main street of the 6th Terézváros district of Budapest. The relatively narrow Király utca , however, no longer managed to cope with the increasing traffic from the middle of the 19th century.

In the newspaper Pesti Hírlap , Lajos Kossuth's article appeared in 1841 What does the city of Pest need to lay the foundation stone for a capital city? the idea of ​​an avenue planted with trees between the city center and the city park. " What would be nicer and more comfortable for the Budapesters than to stroll or ride a horse-drawn carriage from the Chain Bridge to the City Park between shady rows of trees like in a park and avoid the narrow Király utca with its boring, never-ending house front. "

Földalatti Opera Station

Prime Minister Gyula Andrássy took up the idea again, although there was resistance in parliament because of the lack of connection to the higher road network. It was not until December 1870 that Parliament was able to pass the necessary budget for the construction of the road in the 60th Journal of Laws.

Construction work began as early as 1871. In the same year, the government also decided to build the great ring road. Both large boulevards should intersect at the octagonal, wide-opening square Oktogon .

The course of the street was soon established and the construction of the houses was slow. Many old existing buildings had to be demolished at the beginning of the construction work, which is why around 10,000 residents have become homeless in the meantime. According to the original plans, the construction of the street should be completed within 5 years from 1872, the surrounding houses were given a time of 10 years for construction.

Miklós Ybl and István Linczbauer were commissioned as planners and architects . The street owes its uniform style to the eclectic neo-renaissance that was emerging at this time .

The economic crisis of 1873 slowed down construction work. In addition, in 1876, several companies returned the land they had acquired to the city, as they were unable to erect their buildings within the contractually set deadlines. A new, broad wave of construction began, and it was no longer a question of financial entrepreneurs, but rather of the middle and upper classes and the nobility. They included Kálmán Szili , Mihály Szemlér , Count István Erdődy , Countess Iona Keglevich , Count Aurél Dessewffy , and Countess Jánosné Zichy . They built especially in the outer part on the other side of the Ringstrasse, which was loosely built with villas.

At the height of today's opera stood a csárda with a dubious reputation on swampy ground , which for a long time hindered the construction work for the road. It was finally possible to expropriate that piece of land for the construction of the road.

The original pavement of the road was made of wooden paving to protect the horses' hooves.

In October 1876 the street was completed and called Sugárút (German: Radialstraße ). It was not until 1885 that it was given the current name Andrássy út , named after Count Gyula Andrássy .

During the time of the Communist-Socialist People's Republic between 1945 and 1990 the street was renamed several times. Only after the fall of the Wall in 1990 did the street get its old, familiar name again.

With the approaching millennium celebrations in 1896 , the question of a means of mass transport between the city center and the city park arose, where new buildings were erected as part of the celebrations and a large number of visitors was expected. At the suggestion of the General Director of Budapest Trams, Mór Balázs , it was decided to build an underground railway, which was built within a record time of two years.

structure

structure

The Andrássy út can be divided into three sections:

  • Deák Ferenc tér - Oktogon : avenue with a boulevard character, closed construction with 3 to 4-story apartment buildings.
  • Oktogon - Kodály körönd : Closed construction, but not so high anymore. There are also two tree-lined side lanes here.
  • Kodály körönd - Hősök tere : The street becomes even wider and is surrounded by open-plan palaces, villas and gardens.

Significant buildings

Postal Museum

The Postal Museum is located at Andrássy út 3 . Items from the 18th and 19th centuries in the field of postal and telecommunications are exhibited. The museum's collection includes more than 20,000 individual copies, 67,000 documents and 15,000 books.

The Postal Museum was founded between 1885 and 1890. The first permanent exhibition was in the tower rooms of the Buda Post Palace from 1955 . In 1972 the museum moved into the building, which was built at the end of the 19th century and is now a listed building in Andrássy út 3. Today, the collection is being regretted by the Postai és Távközlési Múzeumi Alapítvány Foundation .

Further

photos

  • Operaház (695th számú műemlék) 2.jpg
  • Drexler-palota (697. számú műemlék) .jpg
  • BudapestDSCN3560.JPG
  • Ház (722. számú műemlék) .jpg
  • Ház (712. számú műemlék) .jpg
  • Ház (724. számú műemlék) 6.jpg

literature

  • Annamária Végváry: A Sugárút és a Körút története.
  • Ferenc Szabó: Terézváros Budapest szívében. 1998, ISBN 963-03-5577-9

Web links

Commons : Andrássy út  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Coordinates: 47 ° 30 ′ 38 "  N , 19 ° 4 ′ 16.7"  E