From 1996 to 2000 Steffen was a professional mountain bike rider and was a member of the Swiss national team during this time. In the Mountain Bike World Cup his best results were a 9th place in the downhill discipline and an 11th place in the dual discipline. In the UCI world rankings , 21st place was his best ranking. In 1996 and 1998 he was Swiss downhill champion.
Steffen switched to ski cross in 2001 and one year later he was accepted into the national team with the overall victory in the Swiss Cup (he repeated this success in 2003 and 2004). On November 30, 2002 he made his debut in the Freestyle World Cup ; At the first ski cross world cup race in history in Tignes , he finished 19th and immediately won World Cup points. Also in 2002 he won his first Swiss ski cross championship and remained undefeated until 2005. After several top 10 results, he achieved his first World Cup podium on January 21, 2005 with 3rd place on the Kreischberg .
Due to an injury, Steffen had to take a break for the entire 2005/06 season. He found his way back to the top at the 2007 World Championships in Madonna di Campiglio , where he came in seventh. In the 2007/08 World Cup season he was second and third. After the 2008/09 season was rather average, Steffen won his only World Cup race on March 14, 2009 in Hasliberg . Insufficient performance at the beginning of the 2009/10 season meant that he missed qualifying for the Olympic Games. He returned the favor at the end of the season with a third place in the Sierra Nevada . After the 2011/12 season, Steffen announced his resignation.