Anita Loos

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Corinne Anita Loos (born April 26, 1889 in Sisson , California , † August 18, 1981 in New York City , New York ) was an American screenwriter .

Life

Anita Loos was Hollywood's first major screenwriter. Her biggest success was Gentlemen Prefer Blondes (Gentlemen Prefer Blondes) .

Her eight-year-old sister died in 1890 after an emergency appendix operation. In 1893 the family moved to San Francisco , in 1903 to San Diego , where their father Richard Beers Loos, known as R. Beers, was given the direction of the San Diego Theater. There Loos graduated from high school two years later than usual . As a child she was on stage, for example in a stage version of Quo Vadis 1894. Later she wrote for a newspaper in San Diego and for the New York Morning Telegraph . Soon she began writing dramas and eventually screenplays. Not all works have survived. The New York Hat was first made into a screenplay in 1912. At the age of 18 she got a permanent engagement as a screenwriter in Hollywood . Since her marriage to director John Emerson in 1919, she lived in New York and stopped writing until the couple had to return to Hollywood due to financial problems.

There were numerous scripts and in 1926 the story Gentlemen Prefer Blondes , with which she became famous. It has been translated into 14 languages ​​and was the basis for a Broadway play , a musical , a silent film and, above all, the 1953 film with Marilyn Monroe and Jane Russell . Other books followed: But Gentlemen Marry Brunettes (1928), A Mouse is Born (1951), No Mother to Guide Her (1961). Her niece, the screenwriter Mary Loos, also worked in Hollywood from 1941 .

In two autobiographies she mainly describes the early years of Hollywood cinema and gives an insight into the production process: A Girl Like I (1966) and Kiss Hollywood Good-by (1974). She has also published in Harper's Bazaar , Vanity Fair and The New Yorker .

Anita Loos died on August 18, 1981 in a hospital in New York after a heart attack .

Works

Novels

  • Gentlemen Prefer Blondes. The Illuminating Diary of a Professional Lady . Illustr. by Ralph Barton. In: Harper's Bazaar 1925.
  • Gentlemen Prefer Blondes. The Illuminating Diary of a Professional Lady . Illustr. by Ralph Barton. New York: Boni & Liveright, 1925, 217 pp.
  • Leipzig: Tauchnitz 1926, 235, 32 pp.
  • Leipzig: Tauchnitz 1930, 255 pp.
  • Illustr. by Ralph Barton. Waterville, Me: Thorndike Press 2004, 191 pp.
  • Gentlemen Prefer Blondes. A Gay and Witty Novel , Toronto: Better Publications of Canada 1925, 125 pp.
  • But Gentlemen Marry Brunettes. The Illuminating Diary of a Professional Lady . Illustr. by Ralph Barton. New York: Boni & Liveright 1928, 248 pp.
  • Illustr. by Ralph Barton. Waterville, Me: Thorndike Press / Bath: Chivers 2004, 187 pp.
  • Gentlemen Prefer Blondes But Gentlemen Marry Brunettes. Two stories . Stuttgart: Tauchnitz 1954, 264 pp.
  • Gentlemen Prefer Blondes. The Illuminating Diary of a Professional Lady; and, But Gentlemen Marry Brunettes . Illustr. by Ralph Barton. Introduction by Regina Barreca New York: Penguin Books 1998, 243 pp.
  • A mouse is born . Illustr. by Pallavicini. Garden City, NY: Doubleday 1951, 214 pp.
  • No Mother to Guide Her . New York: McGraw-Hill 1961, 157 pp.
  • Griffith, DW / Anita Loos: Intolerance. New York: ???, 1955.

Scripts

  • San Francisco. A screen play . Afterword by Anita Loos. Edited by Matthew J. Bruccoli. Carbondale, Ill .: Southern Illinois UP 1979, 204 pp.
  • Murfin, Jane / Anita Loos: The Women . In: Twenty Best Film Plays. Edited by John Gassner / Dudley Nichols. New York: Crown, 1943, 1112 pp.

Dramas

  • < The Fall of Eve (1925)>
  • The Gay Illiterate . New York: Doubleday 1944.
  • Happy Birthday. A play in two acts . New York: S. French 1947, 132 pp.
  • < Gentlemen Prefer Blondes (1949)>
  • Gigi. A Comedy in Two Acts Dramatized From the Novel by Colette . New York Random House 1952, 169 pp.
  • < The Amazing Adele (1955)>
  • Every Girl Needs a Parlor . New York: Viking Press, 1955.
  • < Cheri (1959)>
  • Loos, Anita / John Emerson. Gentlemen Prefer Blondes . New York: Century Play 1926.
  • Loos, Anita / John Emerson: The Whole Town's Talking. A Farce in Three Acts . New York: Longmans, Green & co. 1925.
  • Loos, Anita / John Emerson: The Social Register . New York 1931 [typescript].
  • Canolle, Jean: The King's Mare. A play in three acts . Translated by Anita Loos. London: Evans Bros 1967, 72 pp.

additional

  • A Girl Like I . New York: Viking Press 1966, 275 pp.
  • Kiss Hollywood good-by . New York: Viking Press 1974, 213 pp.
  • Cast of Thousands . New York: Grottet & Dunlap 1977, 280 pp.
  • The Talmadge Girls. A memoir . New York: Viking Press 1978, 204 pp.
  • Fate Keeps on Happening. Adventures of Lorelei Lee and Other Writings . Edited by Ray Pierre Corsini. New York: Dodd, Mead 1984, 293 pp.
  • Emerson, John / Anita Loos: How to Write Photoplays . New York: James A. McCann 1920, 154 pp.
  • Emerson, John / Anita Loos: Breaking into the Movies . New York: James A. McCann, 1921, 115 pp.
  • Aldous Huxley. In: Julian Huxley (ed.), Aldous Huxley, 1894–1963. A Memorial Volume , London-New York 1965, pp. 89-97.
  • Aldous Huxley in California. In: Harper's , No. 228, May 1964, pp. 51-55.

Translations into German

  • The blonde and the gentlemen. Travel diary of a New York professional beauty. In: Die Dame (1925) 5- (1926) 11. <slightly shortened, translator: Gustaf Kauder>
  • Blondes preferred: a young lady's instructive diary . With 24 illustr. v. Ralph Barton. Translated from d. Engl. V. Gustav Kauder.
  • Munich: Drei Masken Verlag 1926. 194 pp.
  • Blondes preferred: the instructive diary of a lady by trade . From the American. transfer by Lisette Mullère, Christian Ferber. Unabridged edition, [1. - 30. Th.]
  • Reinbek b. Hamburg: Rowohlt 1965. 118 pp. [1. - 30. Th.]
  • 1967 [2. Ed., 31st - 35th thousand]
  • Blondes are preferred: the instructive diary of a young lady . Translated from the English by Gustaf Kauder. Munich: Piper 1975. 134 pp.
  • Blondes are preferred: the instructive diary of a lady by trade . From the American by Lisette Mullère. Zurich: Diogenes 1987. 134 pp.
  • Blondes preferred: female, single, young looking for a millionaire . German by Lisette Mullère. Reinbek near Hamburg: Rowohlt-Taschenbuch-Verlag 1998. 133 pp.
  • Brunette - get married! With 26 illustr. [e.g. On plate] by Ralph Barton. Translated from the English by Marie-Therese Morel. Munich: Drei Masken Verlag 1929. 219 pp.
  • Brunette, get married! With 26 illustrations by Ralph Barton ue Nachw. By Ursula von Kardorff. From d. American. by Marie-Therese Morel. Munich: Rogner and Bernhard, 1975. 204 pp.
  • Gentlemen marry brunettes: the instructive diary of a lady by trade . From d. American. by Marie-Therese Morel. Zurich: Diogenes 1987. 130 pp.

Filmography (selection)

script
Literary template

literature

Essays

  • Katharina von Ankum: Material Girls. Consumer culture and the “New Woman” in Anita Loos' “Gentlemen Prefer Blondes” and Irmgard Keun 's “ The Artificial Silk Girl ” . In: Colloquia Germanica. Internationale Zeitschrift für Germanistik , Vol. 27 (1994), Issue 2, pp. 159-172, ISSN  0010-1338 .
  • Anonymous: Loos, Anita - In Memoriam . In: Menckeniana. A quarterley Review , 80 (1981) ISSN  0025-9233 .
  • Lucie Arbuthnot, Gail Seneca: Pre-Text and Text in “Gentlemen prefer Blondes” . In: Patricia Erens (Ed.): Issues in Feminist Film Critisism . University Press, Bloomington, Ind. 1990, pp. 112-125, ISBN 0-253-31964-1 .
  • Regina Barreca: Introduction . In: Anita Loos: "Gentlemen prefer Blondes" and "But Gentlemen Marry Brunettes" . Penguin, New York 1998, vii-xxiv, ISBN 0-14-118069-2 .
  • TE Blom: Anita Loos and Sexual Economics. "Gentlemen Prefer Blondes" . In: Canadian Review of American Studies , Vol. 7 (1976), Issue 1, pp. 39-47, ISSN  0007-7720 .
  • Matthew J. Bruccoli: Anita Loos . In: Conversation with Writers, Vol. 2 . Gale Research, Detroit, Mich. 1977, pp. 125-140, ISBN 0-8103-0945-9 .
  • Laurie JC Cella: Narrative "Confidence Games". Framing the Blonde Spectacle in Gentlemen Prefer Blondes (1925) and Nights at the Circus (1984). In: Frontiers. A Journal of Women Studies , Vol. 25 (2004), Issue 3, pp. 47-62, ISSN  0160-9009 .
  • Sarah Churchwell: "Lost among the Ads". Gentlemen Prefer Blondes and the Politics of Imitation . In: Lisa Botshon, Meredith Goldsmith (Eds.): Middlebrow Moderns. Popular American Women Writers of the 1920s . University Press, Boston, MA 2003, pp. 135-164, ISBN 1-55553-557-7 (preface by Joan Shelley Rubin).
  • Richard Corliss : Writing in Silence . In: Film Comment , 21, 70-75 (1985), ISSN  0015-119X .
  • Barbara Everett: The New Style of Sweeney Agonistes . In: Claude J. Rawson (Ed.): English Satire and the Satiric Tradition . Blackwell, Oxford 1984, pp. 243-263, ISBN 0-631-13667-3 (introduction by Alvin Kernan).
  • William Goldhurst: Regeneration through Disaster. "San Francisco" . In: Post Script. Essays in Film and the Humanities , Vol. 4 (1985), Issue 2, pp. 45-62, ISSN  0277-9897 .
  • Faye Hammill: "One of the Few Books That Doesn't Stink". The Intellectuals, the Masses and Gentlemen Prefer Blondes . In: Critical Survey / NS , Vol. 17 (2005), Issue 3, pp. 27-48, ISSN  0011-1570
  • Fiona Handyside: Beyond Hollywood, into Europe. The tourist gaze in "Gentlemen Prefer Blondes" and "Funny Face" . In: Studies in European Cinema , Vol. 1 (2004), Issue 2, pp. 77-89, ISSN  1741-1548
  • Susan Hegeman: Taking Blondes Seriously . In: American Literary History , Vol. 7 (1995), Issue 3, pp. 535-554, ISSN  0896-7148 .
  • Brian Jones: Anita Loos . In: Book and Magazine Collector , Vol. 96 (1992), ISSN  0952-8601 .
  • Melissa S. Kort: "Shadows of the Substance". Women Screenwriters in the 1930s . In: Janet Todd (Ed.): Women and Film (Women and Literature / NS; Vol. 4). Holmes & Meier, New York 1988, pp. 169-186, ISBN 0-8419-0936-9 .
  • Leah Lowe: Anita Loos . In: Christopher J. Wheatley (Ed.): Twentieth-Century American Dramatists (Dictionary of literary biography; Vol. 228). Gale Group, Detroit, MI 2000, pp. 179-185, ISBN 0-7876-3137-X .
  • Jean-Marie Lutes: Authoring “Gentlemen Prefer Blondes”. Mass-market beauty culture and the makeup of writers . In: Prospects , Vol. 23 (1998), pp. 431-460, ISSN  0361-2333 .
  • John T. Matthews: "Gentlemen Prefer Blondes". Faulkner , Anita Loos, and Mass Culture . In: Waldemar Zacharasiewicz (Ed.): Faulkner, His Contemporaries, and His Posterity (Transatlantic Perspectives; Vol. 2). Francke-Verlag, Tübingen 1993, pp. 207-221, ISBN 3-7720-2002-X .
  • Richard Mayne: Review of Anita Loos. Kiss Hollywood good-by . In: The Times Literary Supplement, December 6, 1974, ISSN  0040-7895 .
  • Sheridan Morley: Theater. Gentlemen Prefer Blondes; Closer than ever; Inventing America . In: The Spectator, August 1, 1998, ISSN  0038-6952 .
  • Rhonda S. Pettit: Material Girls in the Jazz Age. Dorothy Parker's "Big Blonde" as an answer to Anita Loos's Gentlemen Prefer Blondes . In: Rhonda S. Pettit and Regina Barreca (Eds.): The Critical Waltz. Essays on the Work of Dorothy Parker . University Press, Madison, NJ 2005, pp. 75-85, ISBN 0-8386-3968-2 .
  • Carter Ratcliff: Tut , Exxon and Anita Loos. Commercialization of Egyptian Art . In: Art in America , Vol. 67 (1979), No. 2, pp. 94-100, ISSN  0004-3214 .
  • Richard Schickel: Review of Loos, Anita "Cast of Thousands" . In: New York Times Book Review, February 6, 1977, ISSN  0028-7806 .
  • Richard J. Schrader: "But Gentlemen Marry Brunettes". Anita Loos and Henry L. Mencken . In: Menckeniana. A Quarterly Review , 98 (1986), 2, pp. 1-7, ISSN  0025-9233 .
  • The Federation of Cathedral Old Chorister's Associations (Ed.): Once a chorister Vol. 5 (1988), Issue 1, ISSN  0954-2841 .
  • Maureen Turim: Gentlemen consume blondes . In: Patricia Erens (Ed.): Issues in Feminist Film Criticism . University Press, Bloomington, Ind. 1990, ISBN 0-253-31964-1 .
  • Joanne Yeck: Anita Loos . In: Robert E. Morsberger, Stephen O. Lesser, Randall Clark (Eds.): American Screenwriters, Vol. 1 (Dictionary of Literary Biography; Vol. 26). Gale Research, Detroit, MI 1984, pp. 212-218, ISBN 0-8103-0917-3 .
  • Paul Werner , Uta van Steen: Anita Loos. The trivial philosopher . In: Diess .: Rebel in Hollywood. 13 portraits of obstinacy . Edition Tende, Frankfurt / M. 1986, pp. 91-104, ISBN 3-88633-061-3 .

Monographs

swell

  • Munzinger archive . CD-Rom, 2006
  • Regina Barreca: Introduction . In: Anita Loos: Gentlemen prefer Blondes and But Gentlemen Marry Brunettes . Penguin, New York 1998, vii-xxiv, ISBN 0-14-118069-2 .
  • Gary Carey: Anita Loos. A biography . Bloomsbury, London 1988, ISBN 0-7475-0294-3 .
  • Cari Beauchamp, Mary Anita Loos (Eds.): Anita Loos Rediscovered. Film Treatments and Fiction . University Press, Berkeley, Calif. 2003, ISBN 0-520-22894-4 .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Anita Loos in the Find a Grave database . Retrieved December 29, 2019.
  2. ↑ Anita Loos in the Internet Movie Database (English)
  3. ↑ First published in: Kentucky Philological Review , Vol. 12 (1997), March, pp. 48-54, ISSN  0277-3384 .
personal data
SURNAME Loos, Anita
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Loos, Corinne Anita (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION American screenwriter
DATE OF BIRTH April 26, 1889
PLACE OF BIRTH Sisson , California
DATE OF DEATH 18th August 1981
Place of death New York City , New York