Arbutus pavarii

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Arbutus pavarii
Systematics
Asterids
Order : Heather-like (Ericales)
Family : Heather family (Ericaceae)
Subfamily : Arbutoideae
Genre : Strawberry trees ( arbutus )
Type : Arbutus pavarii
Scientific name
Arbutus pavarii
Pamp.

Arbutus Pavarii is a plant from the genus of strawberry trees ( Arbutus ) in the family of the Ericaceae (Ericaceae). It only occurs in Libya .

description

Arbutus pavarii is an evergreen shrub or small tree with a height of 1.5 to 3 (up to 6) m. The trunk and branches have a cracked, red-brown bark that is peeling off in small pieces. Young twigs have glandular, bristly hair. The leathery, glossy leaves on the upper side are ovate , obovate or elongated-lanceolate, pointed and 4 to 11 cm long and 1.5 to 4 cm wide. The leaf margin is almost completely to finely serrated. The petiole is 4 to 10 mm long.

The inflorescences are terminal, drooping panicles . The individual flowers are in the axilla of a bract and have a 2 to 3 mm long stalk. The approximately 1 mm long calyx is bare and has five triangular-egg-shaped tips. The overgrown crown is creamy white to pink in color, jug-shaped, about 8 mm long, with five bent-back tips, only 0.7 to 1 mm long. The fruit is spherical with a diameter of 15 to 20 mm, fleshy, with an initially yellow or orange, later deep carmine or scarlet red, irregular warty surface and many seeds in each compartment. The seeds measure 3.5 × 2 mm, are pear-shaped, with a brown, grooved surface.

Arbutus pavarii flowers from late October to February. The fruit takes eight months to ripen.

Occurrence

Arbutus pavarii is endemic to the al-Jabal al-Achdar mountains in Cyrenaica (Libya), which it colonizes at altitudes between 150 and 550 meters and in regions with over 350 mm annual rainfall . It grows with high continuity in Macchien as characteristic species own phytosociological association , the Junipero-Arbutetum pavarii, along with Rhamnus lycioides subsp. oleoides , Juniperus phoenicea var. turbinata , Pistacia lentiscus , Olea europaea var. sylvestris , Smilax aspera , Phillyrea latifolia , Asparagus aphyllus , Ceratonia siliqua , Viola scorpiuroides , Calicotome villosa , Arum cyrenaicum , Cyclamen rohlfs and other species. This strawberry tree can also be found in Kermes oak and cypress forests .

In the Red List of Threatened Species of IUCN is Arbutus Pavarii rated the climatic situation and the human factors (use of timber, expansion of agriculture, urbanization, overgrazing) as threatened (Vulnerable) because of the small distribution area.

use

Arbutus pavarii provides a treasured honey called "Ashmari", which is also used for medicinal purposes. The fruits taste a bit bland, but can be enjoyed fresh or processed as jam. The wood is used for firing and as charcoal.

supporting documents

  1. ^ A b Mohammed Amin Siddiqi: Ericaceae . In: Syed Irtifaq Ali, Saiyad Masudal Hasan Jafri (ed.): Flora of Libya. Volume 54, Al Faateh University, Faculty of Science, Department of Botany, Tripoli, 1978, pp. 6-8.
  2. ^ A b Mohammed Amin Siddiqi: Ericaceae . In: Syed Irtifaq Ali, Saiyad Masudal Hasan Jafri (ed.): Flora of Libya. Volume 54, Al Faateh University, Faculty of Science, Department of Botany, Tripoli, 1978, p. 7.
  3. ↑ a b c d S. El Shatshat: Biological conservation of the endemic Arbutus pavarii Pamp .: Seed germination as attempt. In: International Journal of Human Geography and Environmental Studies. Volume 1, No. 1, 2009, pp. 20-22 (abstract , PDF file) .
  4. ^ Salvatore Brullo, Francesco Furnari: La vegetazione del Gebel el-Akhdar (Cirenaica settentrionale) . In: Bollettino dell'Accademia Gioenia di Scienze Naturali. Volume 27, No. 347, 1994, pp. 197-412.
  5. ^ World Conservation Monitoring Center 1998. Arbutus pavarii . In: IUCN 2010. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2010.4. http://www.iucnredlist.org./ Retrieved November 30, 2010.

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