Arkadi Pavlovich rosewood

Arkadi Pavlovich Rosewood ( Russian Аркадий Павлович Розенгольц ; born November 4 ^{. Jul} / 16th November  1889 ^greg. In Vitebsk ; † 15. March 1938 in Kommunarka ) was a Russian revolutionary and people's commissar .

Life

Rosenholz, son of the Jewish businessman Pawel (Faiwel) Nachimowitsch Rosenholz, studied at the Kiev Trade Institute with a degree in 1914. Since 1905 he was a member of the Russian Social Democratic Workers' Party (RSDRP). He took part in the Russian Revolution in 1905 and in the February Revolution in 1917 . In the October Revolution he was one of the leaders of the Bolsheviks in Moscow .

After the October Revolution , Rosewood worked in various organs of Soviet power . During the Russian Civil War he was a member of the Revolutionary War Council of the 8th Army of the Red Army from December 7, 1918 to March 18, 1919 . In the fights at Kazan and Ufa he proved himself as a talented organizer.

In January 1922, Rosenholz became a member of the Revolutionary War Council of the Western Front and head of the headquarters of the Red Army Air Force . He conducted secret negotiations about the cooperation of the Red Army with the Reichswehr . From July 1923 he was Commander-in-Chief of the Red Army Air Force, succeeding Andrei Alexandrovich Znamensky , until Pyotr Ionowitsch Baranov became Commander-in-Chief of the Red Army Air Force in December 1924 , while Rosenholz became a member of the Revolutionary War Council of the USSR.

In 1925, Rosenholz became an advisor to the Soviet embassy and charge of the trade mission in Great Britain , where he dealt with espionage , which led to the deterioration and finally in 1927 to the severance of diplomatic relations. In 1927, Rosenholz became a member of the Central Control Commission (ZKK) of the CPSU and a candidate for the Presidium of the ZKK. Between 1928 and 1930 he worked in the Workers-Peasants Inspection of the USSR. From 1930 to 1932 he was a member of the Presidium of the ZKK and in 1930 he became People's Commissar for Foreign Trade .

Rosenholz was arrested on October 7, 1937 during the Great Terror . He was one of the defendants in the Third Moscow Trial , where he was accused of membership in a terrorist group and of having been involved in preparing an attack on Stalin . The Military College of the Supreme Court of the USSR sentenced him to death on March 13, 1938 under Article 58 of the Criminal Code of the RSFSR . He was shot dead in Kommunarka on March 15, 1938. His wife Soja Alexandrovna was also shot dead.

Rosenholz 'eldest daughter Jelena portrayed Anatoli Naumowitsch Rybakow in his novel The Children of Arbat as Lena Budjagina. She lived in Nestor Apollonowitsch Lakoba's dacha in Gagra and died of suicide . Rosenholz 'sister Eva was an artist and was arrested in 1949 and sentenced to 10 years in exile. Rosenholz 'cousin Jelena Michailowna Schirmann was a poet and was killed in the Jews' extermination campaign in Rostov-on-Don, which was occupied by the Wehrmacht . Shot with her parents in the Smijowskaja Balka (Snake Gorge ) on August 6th , 1942 .

On February 4, 1988, the plenary session of the Supreme Court of the USSR rehabilitated rosewood.

Honors

• Order of the Red Banner (1920)
• Order of Lenin (1933)

Web links

• Literature by and about Arkadi Pawlowitsch Rosenholz in the bibliographic database WorldCat
• Catalog of the Russian National Library : Розенгольц, Аркадий Павлович

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b c d e f g h i} Большая российская энциклопедия: РОЗЕНГО́ЛЬЦ Аркадий Павлович (accessed October 22, 2019).
2. ↑ ^{a b c d} Chronos: Аркадий Павлович Розенгольц (accessed October 22, 2019).
3. ↑ Реформа в Красной Армии Документы и материалы 1923–1928 годов, Книга 2 . Министерство обороны Российской Федерации (Минобороны России), Институт военной истосиии Миноборорор 2006.
4. ↑ А. В. Антонов-Овсеенко: ВОЖДЬ АБХАЗСКОГО НАРОДА. 70 ЛЕТ СО ДНЯ ГИБЕЛИ НЕСТОРА ЛАКОБЫ . In: Московская правда . February 9, 2007 ( [1] [accessed October 22, 2019]).