Arthur Horwich

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Arthur L. Horwich (* 1951 ) is an American cell biologist . He teaches and researches as professor of genetics and pediatrics at Yale University and the Howard Hughes Medical Institute .

Live and act

Arthur Horwich was born in 1951 and grew up in Oak Park , a western suburb of Chicago . He was a radio amateur as a child, but turned to medicine in high school . From 1969 he studied at Brown University , where he earned his bachelor's degree in 1972 . He examined the metabolism of fat cells and in 1975 - as the best of his class - received his medical doctorate degree . He then continued his education in the field of child and youth medicine . He worked for three years as a post-doctoral student at the Salk Institute for Biological Studies in the field of molecular biology and virology before returning to Yale University Medical School as a postdoc in medical genetics in 1981. He and his mentor Leon Rosenberg cloned ornithine transcarbamylase (OTC) there. In 1984 he became an assistant professor in the Faculty of Genetics and set up his own laboratory. There he succeeded in producing OTC in yeast in 1987 . Protein folding developed into Horwich's main research area . In 1989 he was able to provide evidence that chaperones fold proteins and also carried out many other studies on the heat shock protein GroEL . He has also been doing research at the Howard Hughes Medical Institute since 1990 and became a full professor at Yale in 1995.

Arthur Horwich and his wife Martina have three children.

Awards

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ A. Horwich, J. Kraus, K. Williams, F. Kalousek, W. Konigsberg and L. Rosenberg: Molecular cloning of the cDNA coding for rat ornithine transcarbamoylase. In: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. Volume 80, No. 14, July 15, 1983, pp. 4258-4262, PMID 6576335 , abstract .
  2. ↑ MY Cheng, RA Pollock, JP Hendrick and AL Horwich: Import and processing of human ornithine transcarbamoylase precursor by mitochondria from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. In: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. Volume 84, No. 12, June 15, 1987, pp. 4063-4067, PMID 3295876 , abstract
  3. ↑ Ming Y. Cheng, F.-Ulrich Hartl , Jörg Martin, Robert A. Pollock, Frantisek Kalousek, Walter Neupert , Elizabeth M. Hallberg, Richard L. Hallberg and Arthur L. Horwich: Mitochondrial heat-shock protein hsp60 is essential for assembly of proteins imported into yeast mitochondria. In: Nature . Volume 337, 1989, pp. 620-625, PMID 2645524 .
  4. ↑ Joachim Ostermann, Arthur L. Horwich, Walter Neupert and F.-Ulrich Hartl: Protein folding in mitochondria requires complex formation with hsp60 and ATP hydrolysis. In: Nature. Volume 341, 1989, pp. 125-130, PMID 2528694 .
  5. ↑ J. Martin, T. Langer, R. Boteva, A. Schramel, AL Horwich, and F.-U. Hartl: Chaperonin-mediated protein folding at the surface of groEL through a 'molten globule'-like intermediate. In: Nature. Volume 352, No. 6330, July 4, 1991, pp. 36-42, PMID 1676490 .
  6. ↑ K. Braig, M. Simon, F. Furuya, JF Hainfeld and AL Horwich: A polypeptide bound by the chaperonin groEL is localized within a central cavity. In: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. Vol. 90, No. 9, May 1, 1993, pp. 3978-3982, PMID 8097882 , abstract .
  7. ↑ K. Braig, Z. Otwinowski, R. Hegde, D. Boisvert, A. Joachimiak, AL Horwich and PB Sigler: The crystal structure of the bacterial chaperonin GroEL at 2.8 A. In: Nature. Volume 371, No. 6498, October 13, 1994, pp. 578-586, PMID 7935790 .
  8. ↑ WA Fenton, Y. Kashi, K. Furtak and AL Horwich: Residues in chaperonin GroEL required for polypeptide binding and release. In: Nature. Volume 371, No. 6498, October 13, 1994, pp. 614-619, PMID 7935796 .
  9. ↑ Z. Xu, AL Horwich and PB Sigler: The crystal structure of the asymmetric GroEL-GroES- (ADP) 7 chaperonin complex. In: Nature. Volume 388, No. 6644, Aug 21, 1997, pp. 741-751, PMID 9285585 .
  10. ↑ JS Weissman, CM Hohl, O. Kovalenko, S. Chen, K. Braig, HR Saibil, WA Fenton and AL Horwich: Mechanism of GroEL action: productive release of polypeptide from a sequestered position under GroES. In: Cell. Volume 83, 1995, pp. 577-587, PMID 7585961 .
  11. ↑ HS Rye, AM Roseman, K. Furtak, WA Fenton, HR Saibil and AL Horwich: GroEL-GroES cycling: ATP and nonnative polypeptide direct alternation of folding-active rings. In: Cell. Volume 97, No. 3, April 30, 1999, pp. 325-338, PMID 10319813 .
  12. ↑ C. Chaudhry, GW Farr, MJ Todd, HS Rye, AT Brünger, PD Adams, AL Horwich and PB Sigler: Role of the gamma-phosphate of ATP in triggering protein folding by GroEL-GroES: function, structure and energetics. In: The EMBO Journal . Volume 22, 2003, pp. 4877-4887, PMID 14517228 .
  13. ^ Lasker Foundation: Albert Lasker Basic Medical Research Award - Winners 2011 , accessed on September 12, 2011.
  14. ↑ Amy E. Hamaker: 2011 Massry Prize winners discuss protein folding ( Memento of the original from August 26, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , October 17, 2011, accessed October 8, 2012 @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / keck.usc.edu
  15. ↑ F.-Ulrich Hartl receives the Herbert Tabor Research Prize from the Science Information Service (idw-online.de); Retrieved April 19, 2013
  16. ^ Paul Ehrlich Prize for researchers from Munich and the USA
personal data
SURNAME Horwich, Arthur
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Horwich, Arthur L.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION American cell biologist
DATE OF BIRTH 1951