Arthur Kielholz

Arthur Kielholz (born September 26, 1879 , † August 7, 1962 in Basel ) was a Swiss psychiatrist and one of the first Swiss psychoanalysts.

Life

Arthur Kielholz was born as the son of the businessman Emil Arthur Kielholz and Susanna Klara geb. Thut, who came from a medical family in Aargau. He graduated from high school in Zurich in 1898 and studied medicine at the University of Zurich from 1898 to 1903 . He was a member of the Academic Gymnastics Association Utonia , where he wore the vulgo Benjamin or Bébé. Kielholz then worked as an assistant doctor at the Rheinau Psychiatric Clinic and received his doctorate in 1905 under Eugen Bleuler in Zurich with a paper on The Alcoholics of the Rheinau Nursing Home . He later worked at the Aarau Cantonal Hospital , then as a ship doctor in North and South America. From 1907 to 1913 Kielholz ran a general medical practice in Gams . In February 1913, he entered the psychiatric clinic Aargauische Heil- und Pflegeanstalt Königsfelden as a secondary doctor under Leopold Frölich . From December 1, 1920 to September 30, 1944, he was director of the Aargau sanctuary and nursing home in Königsfelden.

Kielholz was married to Sina geb. Lutta, pastor's daughter from Graubünden, and had four children. His son Paul Kielholz also became a psychiatrist and director of the Psychiatric University Clinic in Basel.

Act

During Kielholz's time, sleep , fever and insulin cures were initially carried out in the Königsfelden Clinic . From 1929 to 1936 about ten cures per year are documented. In 1937 the cardiazole cure was added, and the insulin cure was greatly expanded. In 1937 a total of 37 cures were carried out, 94 in 1938. In 1943 there were a total of 60 cures, in the following year 50. From 1940 there were no more insulin cures, only single doses of insulin were administered. In the same year an electric shock device was purchased, which was used on 66 patients in 1944.

As director of the Königsfelden Clinic, Kielholz greatly expanded work therapy . In addition to housework, which accounted for the largest share of both sexes, the following work areas were set up under him: an armchair weaving shop (1920), a basket weaving shop (1921), a tailoring shop (1921), the gluing of paper bags (1921), the production of leather carpets (1924), a leather stamping shop (1925), a saddlery (1926), a gravel pit (1927), the processing of waste silk (1928), the braiding of straw ropes (1930), another joinery (1931). The patients also worked in the clinic's own garden. The proportion of working days in the catering days rose steadily: in 1920 it was 40 percent. In 1944 it was 88 percent for women and 81 percent for men.

Kielholz campaigned for family care, i.e. the external accommodation of patients. This should counteract the constant overcrowding of the institution. However, by the end of Kielholz's activity, it only reached the number of around 30 externally placed patients.

Kielholz published a large number of lectures and magazine articles on current psychiatric issues, which were addressed to a wide audience. The focal point of his presentations was psychoanalysis and thus Kielholz was one of the first psychoanalysts in Switzerland.

Fonts (selection)

• The alcoholics of the Rheinau nursing home. Buchdruckerei W. Hepting, Andelfingen 1905 (dissertation, University of Zurich, 1905).
• Jakob Boehme: A pathographic contribution to the psychology of mysticism (= writings on applied psychology . Vol. 17). F. Deuticke, Leipzig / Vienna 1919. $

literature

• Dr. A. Kielholz on his 70th birthday. In: Swiss Medical Weekly . Vol. 79 (1949), H. 37, pp. 850-880
• Dr. Arthur Kielholz, Aarau (1879–1962). In: Swiss Archive for Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry .
• Hans Günther Bressler: Director Dr. Arthur Kielholz. In: Brugger Neujahrsblätter. 1963, p. 97 f.
• Nora Zimmermann: «Prevention is better than cure.» The psychiatric understanding of illness and therapy of the doctor and psychiatrist and former head of the Königsfelden clinic, Arthur Kielholz (1879–1962). Licensed thesis, University of Zurich, 2008.

Web links

• Literature by and about Arthur Kielholz in the bibliographic database WorldCat

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b c d} Nora Zimmermann (see literature), p. 22.
2. ↑ Kielholz Arthur , Matriculation Edition of the University of Zurich, accessed on February 9, 2016.
3. ↑ Catalog card of the dissertation , dissertation catalog , website of the University Library of Basel , accessed on July 1, 2013.
4. ↑ Nora Zimmermann (see literature), pp. 74–76.
5. ↑ Nora Zimmermann (see literature), p. 33 f.
6. ↑ Nora Zimmermann (see literature), p. 43 f.
7. ↑ Nora Zimmermann (see literature), pp. 22–25.
8. ^ Andreas Mettenleiter : Personal reports, memories, diaries and letters from German-speaking doctors. Supplements and supplements III (I – Z). In: Würzburg medical history reports. Volume 22, 2003, pp. 269-305, here: p. 271.