at-Turtūschī
Abu Bakr at-Turtuschi or al-Turtuschi , full name Abū Bakr Muḥammad b. al-Walīd aṭ-Ṭurṭūšī ( Arabic أبو بكر محمد بن الوليد الطرطوشي; born 1059 in Tortosa , al-Andalus , today Tarragona Province , Catalonia , Spain ; died 1127 in Alexandria , Egypt ) was an Islamic philosopher and lawyer of the Maliki school. Together with his rival al-Ghazālī , he is one of the most important Islamic thinkers of the 12th century.
Live and act
Abu Bakr was born in Tortosa in the Ebro Delta in 1059 when Islamic Spain was split up into various Taifa kingdoms . He first traveled to Saragossa , where the scholar and poet Abū l-Walīd al-Bādschī became his teacher. During this time he also studied the philosophical and political treatises of the polymath Ibn Hazm . Striving to his knowledge in various scholars in the Islamic world to expand, he first undertook the pilgrimage to Mecca , then moved on to Basra and Baghdad and came over Aleppo , Damascus , Jerusalem and Cairo to Alexandria . Here he settled down, became a teacher at a madrasa and had, among other things, Abu Bakr Ibn Arabi as a student.
At-Turtuschi opposed the Ismaili doctrine of the Fatimid ruling class in Egypt. He also prepared a fatwa for Yusuf ibn Tashfin , the Almoravid ruler of Al-Andalus, which enabled him to conquer Spain and overthrow the rulers of the Taifa kingdoms. Ibn Tūmart , a disciple of at-Turtuschis, in turn later founded a Berber dynasty that overthrew the Almoravids.
At-Turtuschi's main works include Kitāb al-ḥawādit̲ wa-l-bidaʻ ("Book of News and Innovations ") and Sirādsch al-Mulūk (سراج الملوك, "Lamp of Kings"), a political textbook written by Ibn Chaldun in his muqaddima around 1377 was discussed in detail.
The learned traveler Ibrahim ibn Yaqub also bears the original name Turtuschi (ie from Tortosa ) .
Quote
“A righteous ruler should be to his people what the rain is to the thirsty plants, or better still; for the rain lasts for a while, while the blessings of righteousness are timeless. ”- From Siraj al-Muluk
literature
- Maribel Fierro: Abū Bakr aṭ-Ṭurṭūšī: Kitāb al-ḥawādit̲ wa-l-bidaʻ (El libro de las novedades y las innovaciones) . Spanish translation and detailed biography. Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Instituto de Cooperación con el Mundo Arabe. Madrid, 1993. Partial online view
Web links
Individual evidence
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | at-Turtūschī |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Abū Bakr Muḥammad b. al-Walīd aṭ-Ṭurṭūšī (full name); أبو بكر محمد بن الوليد الطرطوشي (Arabic) |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Islamic philosopher and lawyer |
| DATE OF BIRTH | 1059 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Tortosa |
| DATE OF DEATH | 1127 |
| Place of death | Alexandria |