Reconnaissance ship
A scout ship is a warship that the education of fleet movements , communications and operations used foreign forces.
tasks
Up to the time of the Second World War, particularly suitable combat ships such as sailing frigates and cruisers were used for reconnaissance, especially in the context of combat operations , which were later supplemented by aircraft. With the development of electronic reconnaissance a separate type of ship was created, which was no longer intended for combat tasks.
In modern war fleets, these reconnaissance ships are used to observe military maneuvers by other armed forces, to monitor and escort foreign warships in the vicinity of territorial waters and to investigate observation systems, armament, equipment, speed, reactivity and acoustic signatures of enemy sea units. Members of the intelligence service can also be found on modern reconnaissance ships .
Ships
Reconnaissance ships are operated by various navies. In addition to the states listed here, this includes the Polish Navy , the Finnish Naval Forces , the Swedish Navy , the Japanese Sea Self-Defense Forces and the Turkish Navy .
Germany
The German Navy already set shortly after its founding in 1956 so-called measuring boats for electronic intelligence one. During the Cold War , the object of these later than fleet service boats vehicles designated the Oste class , Alster (A 50), Oker (A 53) and Oste (A 52), and its predecessor Eider and Trave in the optical and electronic reconnaissance of the naval forces of the Warsaw Pact in the Baltic Sea region . The Navy was particularly interested in the Baltic Red Banner Fleet . In addition to eavesdropping on radio traffic, electronic reconnaissance also included measuring the electromagnetic signatures of radar devices. This made it possible to partially identify certain units. The optical reconnaissance consisted of film and photo recordings of the sighted ships, whereby their antenna systems were of particular interest. Due to their function as reconnaissance boats, fleet service boats are mostly used as single drivers with long sea endurance.
The German Navy currently operates three reconnaissance ships . The boats Oker , Oste and Alster are stationed in Eckernförde. The information obtained is sent directly to the Strategic Reconnaissance Command near Bonn. In official parlance it says "The tasks of the fleet service boats include the security and maintenance of telecommunication connections as well as telecommunication-electronic reconnaissance."
France
The French Navy has the reconnaissance ship Monge (A601) , which can also be used as a command ship for missile and missile defense. The ship is part of the French nuclear missile program . Commissioned in 1992, it is the flagship of the experimental squadron ( escadre d'essais ). In addition to military intelligence ( Signals Intelligence ), it is used by the French Space Agency for research purposes. A permanent crew of 120 and 100 civilian and military technicians serve on the ship.
The Monge is only one of several "telecommunications ships" worldwide, but neither the Russian nor the American military has a ship with an equivalent range of services. The ship has DRBV 15C air surveillance and two navigation radars. Its surveillance equipment consists of a Stratus Gascogne, two Armor radar systems , two Savoie and Antares missile-tracking radars, a laser radar, and an optical tracking unit, as well as 14 antennas for telemetry. Real-time communication with the home country is ensured via the SES Sirius system. Unlike most military ships, the Monge is painted white, as a darker gray paint would cause further heating inside and could affect the functionality of the devices.
Norway
The Norwegian intelligence service has been operating reconnaissance ships called Marjata since the 1950s . The main focus is on investigating the activities of the Russian Northern Fleet in the Barents Sea . The Marjata (III) played an important role in the news of the Kursk accident in 2000. In 2016, the Marjata (IV), a 160 million euro vehicle the size of a Hurtigrouten ship , was put into service. The ship was equipped with the help of the US Navy and the CIA and is supposed to monitor NATO's eastern border and the Atlantic part of the Arctic.
Spain
Spain acquired the Jasmund after the dissolution of the GDR People's Navy in November 1992. In 1993, a large radar antenna and a radome were installed, and it was renamed Alerta (A-111). The ship replaces the Alsedo reconnaissance boat, which was used until then . The boat has the Saturn system for satellite transmissions.
Soviet Union and Russia
The Soviet Navy had at least two classes of reconnaissance ships , namely the Project 864 (NATO code name: Vishnya class) and the Project 1826 . Both classes of ships are still used in the Russian Navy today. It had been known since the 1980s that some Soviet fishing trawlers were equipped with reconnaissance technology.
Russia has been building a new class of ships since at least 2004, which will consist of four large reconnaissance ships by 2020. Admiral Yuri Ivanov, who was laid down in Kiel in 2004, has been the first to work since 2015 . The 95 meter long ship has a range of 8,000 nautical miles and is mainly used in the Arctic Ocean. There is a crew of 120 seafarers, reconnaissance technicians and GRU employees on board .
The main purpose of Admiral Yuri Ivanov is to monitor US ships that are part of the Aegis combat system . Aegis is the marine component of the American missile defense shield. The aim of the Russian systems is to identify gaps in the American shield and make them usable. The data will be forwarded to other Russian weapons carriers (submarines and ships) and should, in principle, enable attacks with ICBMs on the American mainland.
United States of America
The US deployed reconnaissance ships early on. A then spectacular incident during the Cold War occurred when the reconnaissance boat USS Pueblo (AGER-2) (reconnaissance ship of the US Navy ) was seized by the North Korean Navy in 1968 . It is still owned by North Korea today, making it the only US Navy ship in the world that is in the hands of a foreign power.
Today the US Navy operates two classes of AGOS ships for oceanographic research and sonar watch ships (T-AGOS). These are the ships AGOS 23 IMPECCABLE and T-AGOS 24 INTEGRITY from the Impeccable class and the ships T-AGOS 19 VICTORIOUS, T-AGOS 20 ABLE, T-AGOS 21 EFFECTIVE and T-AGOS 22 LOYAL from the Victorious class. These are large ships designed as catamarans with modern reconnaissance equipment.
In addition, seven ships of the Stalwart class are in use, which are used as radar warning ships. AGOS stands for Auxiliary General Oceanic Surveillance and officially designates the ships as oceanographic research vessels.
See also
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ http://www.abendblatt.de/politik/deutschland/article427531/Flottillendienstboot-Alster-Spion-im-Auftrag-der-Regierung.html
- ^ Military-today.com: Monge. Retrieved May 2, 2011 .
- ↑ en: Balzam-class intelligence ship
- ^ "Moscow's South Pacific Fishing Fleet Is Much More Than It Seems"; Kim, Byung Ki; The Heritage Foundation, Asian Studies Backgrounder No. 80, September 6, 1988 ( Memento of February 28, 2009 in the Internet Archive )