August Friedrich Karl Himly

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August Friedrich Karl Himly, around 1880

August Friedrich Karl Himly , also Carl Himly, (born November 26, 1811 in Göttingen , † January 27, 1885 in Döbling near Vienna ) was a German chemist, mineralogist and university professor in Kiel.

Life

Himly was born the son of ophthalmologist Karl Gustav Himly (1772-1837). His older brother, Ernst August Wilhelm Himly (1800–1881) became a physician and university professor in Göttingen.

Himly studied under Friedrich Stromeyer at the University of Göttingen around 1834 , and was awarded a Dr. phil. PhD and private lecturer in Göttingen in 1837 . On June 30, 1842, he was appointed associate professor at Kiel University and on March 13, 1846, he was appointed full professor of chemistry. His laboratory was in a rented house and was in poor condition.

Himly researched among other things on gold compounds. In 1842 he investigated the connection of gold with cyan and their double connection, which was of interest for galvanic gold plating. He was the first to produce gold cyanide, which, like cyanur (cyano metals), forms double salts with alkaline cyanides . Independently of Hippolyte Fizeau , he developed a gold coating to improve the daguerreotype . After a bath in sodium hydroxide solution, the plate was heated over a flame and a chlorine-gold solution was poured over it. The gold made the silver darker and stronger and the mercury brighter. This enabled the exposure time to be reduced to such an extent that satisfactory portraits were possible.

Himly was married to Mathilde Siemens , a sister of Werner Siemens . With his brother-in-law, then an artillery officer, he distinguished himself in the 1848 Schleswig-Holstein War in the Friedrichsort Fortress in the defense of Kiel against Danish warships. They connected sea ​​mines laid in the Kiel Fjord with cables so that they not only exploded through physical contact, but could also be detonated from the fortress. Carelessly, one of these mines - the so-called himly bomb - exploded on land, which the Danes also noticed. No Danish ship tried to enter Kiel any more.

In the course of his research, Himly developed and improved various analysis methods, for example to check the purity of flour or well water.

He retired on October 17, 1884 and died shortly afterwards on January 27, 1885 in Döbling near Vienna.

Fonts

  • Open reply to Dr. Claussen in Itzehoe , Ehlers, 1862.
  • Preliminary reply regarding the Hornheim asylum , 1862 (note: a private clinic for psychiatry in Kiel, run by Peter Jessen from 1845 to 1875, about which there was a public dispute in 1862).
  • Investigations and work in the chemical laboratory of the University of Kiel , Kiel 1868.
  • New method to determine the melting points of metals, as well as other materials with poor heat conductivity, with accuracy , Schmidt & Klaunig, 1876.
  • About tellurium and its pure representation of an element that is as rare as it is interesting , in: Writings of the Natural Science Association for Schleswig-Holstein, Volume 2, Issue II, Kiel 1877, pp. 22-28.
  • Studies and work in the chemical university laboratory No. 1 in Kiel , Kiel 1877.
  • together with H. Hager: To test the flour for adulteration with minerals , in: Zeitschrift für Analytische Chemie (Springer (Ed.)), December 1, 1878, pp. 508-509.
  • For testing well water for contamination by luminous gas , in: Zeitschrift für Analytische Chemie (Springer (Hrsg.)), December 1, 1878, p. 387.
  • together with Thomas Carnelly / Richard Anschütz / G. Schultz: To determine the melting point , in: Zeitschrift für Analytische Chemie, (Springer (Hrsg.)), December 1, 1878, pp. 468-471.

literature

  • Ludwig Hoerner : Photohistorica Gottingensis. Part One: August Friedrich Karl Himly (1811–1885), in: History of Photography: An international Quarterly . Volume 6, Number 1, January 1982, pages 59-63.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Meyer's Konversationslexikon. An Encyclopedia of General Knowledge, Lemma Cyanmetalle , Volume 4, Bibliographisches Institut Leipzig 1888, p. 378
  2. Ludwig Darmstaedter (ed.): Handbook for the history of natural sciences and technology. In chronological representation (PDF file; 2.80 MB), 2., redesigned. u. Probably edition, with the assistance of R. du Bois-Reymond, Singer, Berlin 1908, X, p. 462
  3. University of Vienna: The Daguerreotype ( Memento of the original from February 15, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 142 kB) @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.univie.ac.at
  4. Werner von Siemens: Memoirs at Zeno.org .
  5. Carl Dietrich Harries: Werner Siemens and his position in chemistry , in: Naturwissenschaften, 4th year / no. 50, Springer, Berlin / Heidelberg 1916, p. 788, doi : 10.1007 / BF01492032 also refers to the partially preserved and published correspondence between Siemens and Himly
  6. Klaus Beneke: On the history of the University of Kiel and the Institute for Inorganic Chemistry , accessed on October 16, 2009
  7. Peter Schubert et al .: The German Marines in Mine Warfare , Volume 1, Books on Demand, Rostock 2006, p. 42 f., ISBN 3833443308
  8. together with H. Hager: To test the flour for adulteration with minerals , in: Zeitschrift für Analytische Chemie (Springer (Ed.)), December 1, 1878, pp. 508-509
  9. On testing well water for contamination by luminous gas , in: Zeitschrift für Analytische Chemie (Springer (Ed.)), December 1, 1878, p. 387
  10. ^ Melchior Josef BandorfJessen, Peter Willers . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 13, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1881, p. 786 f.