Azure-headed tangerine

Azure-headed tangerine
	An azure-headed tangerine
Systematics
Order :	Passerines (Passeriformes)
Subordination :	Songbirds (passeri)
Family :	Tangaren (Thraupidae)
Subfamily :	Thraupinae
Genre :	Schillertangaren ( Tangara )
Type :	Azure-headed tangerine
Scientific name
	Tangara cyanicollis
	( d'Orbigny & Lafresnaye , 1837)

The blue-necked tanager ( Tangara cyanicollis ) is a Headquartered in tropical South America bird art from the family of tanagers (Thraupidae). The azure-headed tangerine is not endangered due to its very large distribution area and the apparently stable population.

features

Azure-headed tangars reach a body length of 13 cm and a weight of 17 g. The head is almost entirely turquoise blue and is in stark contrast to the black chest and the black coat. The reins are black, the throat usually more dark purple. The mostly violet-blue belly is interspersed with black towards the middle of the belly. Shoulders and rump are straw yellow to yellowish green. The feathers of the wings and the control feathers are lined with yellowish green and the wing covers are coppery yellow. Iris, beak and legs are black. The head of the female is less brightly colored, otherwise they resemble the male. The top of the young birds is predominantly brownish-gray with a pale yellow rump and paler underside.

The subspecies T. c. hannahiae and T. c. melanogaster , the abdomen is completely black. The rump of T. c. cyanopygia is turquoise blue. The face of T. c. caeruleocephala is indigo blue, the top of the head and upper ear coverts are paler, rump and lower tail coverts are greyish. T. e. cyanopygia has a blue belly and blue flanks, rump and under tail- coverts are green. T. c. granadensis is similar to T. c. caeruleocephala , rump and tail-covers are pale green. The large elytra are lined with black and wide yellow.

Habitat and way of life

Azure-headed tangars are usually seen singly, in pairs, and in groups of three to four individuals on the edges of forests and in areas with little trees, but not in the interior of forests. They are occasionally found at heights of 350 m, but mostly from 800 to 2000 m. Azure-headed tangars feed on berries (such as Miconia species), fruits and insects.

Systematics and distribution

It was first described in 1837 by Alcide Dessalines d'Orbigny and Frédéric de Lafresnaye under the scientific name Aglaia cyanicollis . Only later was it assigned to the genus Tangara .

Azure-headed tangerine ( Tangara cyanicollis )

In addition to the nominate form, seven subspecies are described:

Tangara cyanicollis albotibialis Traylor , 1950 - Veadeiros ( Goiás ), in east central Brazil.
Tangara cyanicollis caeruleocephala ( Swainson , 1838) - Colombia to northern Peru .
Tangara cyanicollis cyanicollis ( d'Orbigny & Lafresnaye , 1837) - Eastern Andes from Peru and south to Bolivia .
Tangara cyanicollis cyanopygia ( Berlepsch & Taczanowski , 1884) - Entire western Andes of Ecuador .
Tangara cyanicollis granadensis ( Berlepsch , 1884) - Colombian Andes.
Tangara cyanicollis hannahiae ( Cassin , 1864) - Northern Colombia and mountain regions of Venezuela .
Tangara cyanicollis melanogaster Cherrie & Reichenberger , 1923 - Isolated population in the lowlands of the Amazon basin in central Brazil and central Bolivia.

Individual evidence

^ ^A ^b ^c Steven L. Hilty: Birds of Venezuela. Princeton University Press, 2002, ISBN 978-0-691-09250-8 , p. 773.
^ ^A ^b Thomas S. Schulenberg: Birds of Peru. Princeton University Press, 2010, ISBN 978-0691130231 , p. 566.
^ ^A ^b Robert S. Ridgely, Guy Tudor: The Birds of South America: The oscine passerines. University of Texas Press, 1989, ISBN 978-0-292-70756-6 , p. 233.
↑ ^a ^b ^c T. S. Schulenberg: Blue-necked Tanager ( Tangara cyanicollis ), Neotropical Birds Online. Ithaca: Cornell Lab of Ornithology. ( online )
^ Steven L. Hilty, William L. Brown: A guide to the birds of Colombia. Princeton University Press, 1986, ISBN 978-0-691-08372-8 , p. 613.
^ ITIS Report: Tangara cyanicollis (d'Orbigny & Lafresnaye, 1837) (accessed June 15, 2011)
↑ Videos, photos and sound recordings of Blue-necked Tanager (Tangara cyanicollis) in the Internet Bird Collection

Web links

Commons : Azure-headed tangerine ( Tangara cyanicollis ) - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Tangara cyanicollis inthe IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2010.4. Listed by: BirdLife International, 2009. Retrieved June 1, 2011.
Videos, photos and sound recordings of Blue-necked Tanager (Tangara cyanicollis) in the Internet Bird Collection

[Hilty-1] A ^b ^c Steven L. Hilty: Birds of Venezuela. Princeton University Press, 2002, ISBN 978-0-691-09250-8 , p. 773.

[BoP-2] A ^b Thomas S. Schulenberg: Birds of Peru. Princeton University Press, 2010, ISBN 978-0691130231 , p. 566.

[passerines-3] A ^b Robert S. Ridgely, Guy Tudor: The Birds of South America: The oscine passerines. University of Texas Press, 1989, ISBN 978-0-292-70756-6 , p. 233.

[NBO-4] T. S. Schulenberg: Blue-necked Tanager ( Tangara cyanicollis ), Neotropical Birds Online. Ithaca: Cornell Lab of Ornithology. ( online )

[Colombia-5] Steven L. Hilty, William L. Brown: A guide to the birds of Colombia. Princeton University Press, 1986, ISBN 978-0-691-08372-8 , p. 613.

[itis-6] ITIS Report: Tangara cyanicollis (d'Orbigny & Lafresnaye, 1837) (accessed June 15, 2011)

[IBC-7] Videos, photos and sound recordings of Blue-necked Tanager (Tangara cyanicollis) in the Internet Bird Collection