Bürresheimer Hof
The Bürresheimer Hof is a former noble court in the old town of Koblenz . It was built in 1659/60 on the west side of the Florinshof according to a design by the Linz Capuchin Father Bonitius. The complex originally consisted of a main building (today Florinsmarkt 13), two smaller buildings (Florinsmarkt 9 and 11) and another four-winged building (today a parking lot). From 1847/48 to 1938 the main building of the courtyard served as a synagogue for the Jewish community . After that, the youth and music library of the Koblenz city library and the studio stage of the Koblenz city theater used the building until 2013 . The Bürresheimer Hof, together with the old department store , the Schöffenhaus and the Florinskirche, form an ensemble of four historic buildings on the Florinsmarkt.
history
The main building of the Bürresheimer Hof is part of an extensive building complex on the west side of today's Florinsmarkt. The buildings of the courtyard were created:
- Main building 1659/60
- western wing construction 1704-06
- several extensions, u. a. four-wing complex 1714–74
- Mosel-side gallery building 1771–74
The Bürresheimer Hof until 1847
The first main building from 1659/60 was destroyed in the Palatinate War of Succession in 1688 and rebuilt in 1691–1696 by Johann Christoph Sebastiani . The building was commissioned by Lothar Ferdinand Freiherr von der Leyen-Nickenich, whose cousin was the Archbishop of Trier and Elector Karl Kaspar von der Leyen . By inheritance, the property finally came into the possession of the barons of Breitbach-Bürresheim , after whom the farm was subsequently named. After various expansions in the 18th century, in the course of which, among other things, the gallery building according to plans by the builder and manager Nikolaus Lauxen was added to the main building facing the Moselle, the city left the four-winged building complex in the area where it is today as part of an expansion of the square in 1816 Demolish parking lot. The farm again came into the possession of Count Renesse ( Count Rennes house ) through inheritance , before it passed into the possession of Messrs. Cadenbach and Kehrmann in 1847, whose property it did not last long.
Synagogue 1847 to 1938
In 1847/48 the Jewish community in Koblenz acquired the entire Bürresheimer Hof complex and had it rebuilt in the following years according to plans by the architect Johann Claudius von Lassaulx . Large windows were built into the square in front of the old department store and the gable on this side was replaced by a smaller one, the curved gables on the front and towards the Moselle were bricked up so that they were given a triangular shape. The main building housed the community synagogue until the interior furnishings were destroyed on the occasion of the Reichspogromnacht from November 9th to 10th, 1938. The building was devastated, but not set on fire, as it was feared that the fire would spread to neighboring houses. To commemorate these events, a memorial plaque was inaugurated next to today's main entrance on November 14, 1976. In the youth library there was also a memorial room for the victims of Nazi rule, the display boards with information on the history of the synagogue and biographical information about the Koblenz victims of the Third Reich were given to the Koblenz City Archives after the library was closed .
From World War II to today
After the synagogue was destroyed, an economic and food office was set up in the Bürresheimer Hof. The entire building complex was largely destroyed in the air raids on Koblenz in 1944. The main house burned out completely, with two valuable stucco ceilings being lost. The ruins were returned to the Jewish community, but they decided not to rebuild their old synagogue and sold the property to the city of Koblenz. In 1955/56 the outside of the building was restored in baroque form, with the curved gables being exposed again and the additions and changes from the 19th century removed, but the gable originally facing the square in front of the old department store was not restored. The entrance portal originally located on the courtyard side (which had served as the entrance to the synagogue during the time of the synagogue) was relocated to the gable front as the new main entrance. The western extensions (in which a beverage trade was located for a while) had already been sold to a private owner and were also only rebuilt in a simplified manner. The portal of the courtyard entrance from 1659, a work by Johann Georg Döll from Mayen, was originally located in the main building of the courtyard. The former late baroque gallery building, which was almost completely destroyed in the war, was restored in 1965 based on old pictures. The interiors of the rebuilt courtyard buildings were designed in a modern form, adapted to the new use.
After the reconstruction, the main building initially housed the municipal pawn shop, then later the youth and music library of the Koblenz city library, the studio stage of the city theater and the workshops of the Middle Rhine Museum . The gallery building served the museum as the administrative seat and to accommodate the graphics collection and the library. After the Forum Confluentes was completed in 2013, the City Library and the Middle Rhine Museum moved into the new cultural building on the central square . In 2013, the city of Koblenz sold the Bürresheimer Hof, which was in need of renovation, together with the old department store , the Dreikönigenhaus and the Schöffenhaus to a private investor (ISSOflorinsmarkt GmbH & Co. KG) who wants to renovate the building and then accommodate a university-related institute. For the Bürresheimer Hof with its gallery building, guest apartments for external lecturers and gastronomic use are planned.
The renovation work has been going on since 2015. The glass wing on the Moselle side between the gallery and the old department store, which was added during the reconstruction, has been demolished. In the corner between the department store and the Bürresheimer Hof, a new glass building is to be added to access the two buildings.
construction
The main building of the courtyard is a three-story, simply plastered building. The multiple curved gables and the entrance portal to the parking lot from the end of the 17th century are particularly striking. In the corner of the house facing the Florinsmarkt there is also a statue of St. Lawrence from the 18th century.
Monument protection
The Bürresheimer Hof is a protected cultural monument according to the Monument Protection Act (DSchG) and entered in the list of monuments of the state of Rhineland-Palatinate . It is located in the old town monument zone .
The Bürresheimer Hof has been part of the UNESCO World Heritage Upper Middle Rhine Valley since 2002 .
literature
- Energieversorgung Mittelrhein GmbH (ed.): History of the city of Koblenz . Overall editing: Ingrid Bátori in conjunction with Dieter Kerber and Hans Josef Schmidt
- Vol. 1: From the beginning to the end of the electoral era . Theiss, Stuttgart 1992. ISBN 3-8062-0876-X
- Vol. 2: From the French city to the present . Theiss, Stuttgart 1993. ISBN 3-8062-1036-5
- Fritz Michel: The art monuments of the city of Koblenz. The profane monuments and the suburbs , Munich Berlin 1954, (Die Kunstdenkmäler von Rheinland-Pfalz, first volume).
- Cultural monuments in Rhineland-Palatinate. Volume 3: City of Koblenz. Volume 2: Herbert Dellwing , Reinhard Kallenbach : City Center. Werner, Worms 2004, ISBN 3-88462-198-X , pp. 130f.
- Udo Liessem: The Middle Rhine Museum in Koblenz and its buildings. Published by the Rhenish Association for Monument Preservation and Landscape Protection. Society for book printing, Neuss 1977, ISBN 3-88094-206-4 ( Rheinische Kunststätten 201).
Web links
- Bürresheimer Hof in koblenz.de
- Bürresheimer Hof in: regionalgeschichte.net
Individual evidence
- ↑ Kulturdenkmäler , p. 132
- ↑ Florinsmarkt: Görlitz buys the historic buildings from the city in: Rhein-Zeitung , September 30, 2013
- ↑ Information on construction progress in the new owner's blog
- ↑ General Directorate for Cultural Heritage Rhineland-Palatinate (ed.): Informational directory of cultural monuments - District-free city of Koblenz (PDF; 1.3 MB), Koblenz 2011
Coordinates: 50 ° 21 ′ 44 " N , 7 ° 35 ′ 47" E