Balthasar Batthyány

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Balthasar III. Baron of Batthyány

Balthasar Batthyány (* 1543 - † February 11, 1590 ) was an Austro-Hungarian general in the fight against the Turks .

origin

Balthasar Freiherr von Batthyány came from an old and widely ramified Hungarian noble family who, as magnates , counts and princes, later belonged to the most important families in Austria and Hungary . His father Kristóf (Christoph) the elder Batthyány von Német-Ujvár, + 1570 married Erzsébet Svetkovics, a daughter of Adam Svetkovics "the middle one" on Neu-Stettenberg, Grafeneck u. Dorna (cl. 1546) and his wife Katharina Székely von Kövend , a daughter of Lukas Székely von Kövend on Dobrakutya u. Kövár, imperial councilor and general, and Katharina von Mainburg, a daughter of Bernhard von Mainburg and Katharina von Pottendorf

Life

He was appointed for his services to the banners and chief truchess , he was also deputy of the Palatine . He was a very educated humanist of his time. He enjoyed a Protestant upbringing and converted to Calvinism in 1570 . Protestantism was promoted in his territory . The Augustinian Hermit Monastery in Güssing was closed and a grammar school was set up. In 1576 he called Stephan Beythe as court preacher and middle school teacher in Güssing. He loved books and laid the foundations with thousands of books for the valuable monastery library in Güssing. The Dutch botanist Carolus Clusius worked at the Viennese court . However, when Rudolf II , the son of Maximilian II , dismissed all employees with Protestant beliefs in 1576 , Balthasar Batthyány called Clusius to Güssing, where he researched the plants from Asia Minor acquired by the Turkish prisoners, which were still unknown here (tulips and Chestnuts as examples). Clusius wrote his important work Stirpium Nomenclator Pannonicus in Güssing , the first Austrian botany , which the Protestant traveling book printer Joannes Manlius , who was also active in Güssing, printed here in 1585. Manlius' books contributed significantly to the spread of Protestantism in the Batthyánis ruled area.

The Batthyánis' tolerance in particular was conducive to the fact that Protestantism in Burgenland was able to assert itself 20% against the very dominant Catholic Austria until recently, for example in Gols , Lutzmannsburg and Oberwart . Even the Judaism was promoted, for example in the Jewish community in Stadtschlaining whose synagogue is now used as a library. Croats were settled, for example in Kroatisch Minihof , which later Burgenland Croats were called and its own version of the Croatian , the Burgenland Croatian developed. Gypsies were tolerated.

Franciscan monastery, Güssing , 1590

marriage

Balthasar Freiherr Batthyány married on Mouyorókerék on January 27, 1566 Dorottya (Dorothea) Zriny (* June 22, 1550, + 1617), a daughter of Nicholas IV. Zriny , (* 1508, + falls near Szigetvár on September 7, 1566), Imperial Colonel, Treasurer of the Kingdom of Hungary , Ban of the Kingdoms of Croatia , Slavonia and Dalmatia , Commander of Szigetvár since 1561, hero of the siege of Szigetvár , from his first marriage on June 17, 1543 with Catherine Countess Frankopan (+1561), daughter of Ferdinand Count Frankopan on Veglia and Modrus ud Maria Branković (+ 1540) a daughter of Jovan Branković, Despot von Raitzen (+ 1502) and Jelena Jakšić (Jaksic) (+ 1529)

literature

  • István Monok, Péter Ötvös, Edina Zvara: Balthasar Batthyány and his library . Office of the Burgenland Provincial Government, Dept. 7 - Culture, Science and Archives, Main Section Provincial Archives and Provincial Library, Eisenstadt 2004
  • Thóra Bobory: Boldizsár Batthyány (c.1542–1590). Erudition, natural sciences, patronage and friendship in the life of a sixteenth-century Hungarian nobleman . (diss. phil. Budapest). Budapest 2007 ( PDF ; 7.22 MB)

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ GENEALOGY.EU [1]
  2. ↑ Siebmacher'S Grosses Wappenbuch, Volume 26. The coats of arms of the nobility in Lower Austria Part 2 S- ZS 291, Verlag Bauer & Raspe 1983 ISBN 3-87947-036-7
  3. ↑ Siebmacher'S Grosses Wappenbuch, Volume 26. The coats of arms of the nobility in Lower Austria, Part 2 S - ZS 646, Verlag Bauer & Raspe 1983 ISBN 3-87947-036-7
  4. ↑ GENEALOGY.EU [2]

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Batthyány, Balthasar
BRIEF DESCRIPTION General fighting the Turks
DATE OF BIRTH 1543
DATE OF DEATH February 11, 1590