Basque Villa
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Basque villa colombiana |
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| Lindl. |
Baskervilla is a plant genus in the family of orchids (Orchidaceae). The tenor so species arewidespreadin the Neotropics from Central to South America .
description
Vegetative characteristics
The Baskervilla species are terrestrial, perennial herbaceous plants . The rhizome is rather short and ascending. The fleshy, hairy roots grow horizontally.
Several leaves arranged in a basal rosette and divided into a petiole and a leaf blade. The simple leaf blade is oval to lanceolate in shape.
Generative characteristics
The upright, terminal, racemose inflorescence is covered with bracts at intervals . The numerous, relatively small flowers are close together or loosely, they are not resupinated . The cylindrical ovary is not stalked. The hermaphrodite flowers are zygomorphic and threefold. The sepals are free and spread out, the lateral ones are asymmetrical at the base. The petals are abruptly narrowed (nailed) at their base, the narrow part is fused dorsally with the column , the broad, anterior part is spread out or turned back. The lip is fused with the column at the base, there it is more or less like a bowl or sack and provided with a pair of lamellae at the point of fusing. The lamellae form a tubular entrance to the nectarium. The column is club-shaped, without a foot. At the end it bears the horizontally lying scar , which is oval in shape and surrounded by a bulging edge. The separating tissue between stigma and stamen (rostellum) is clearly developed. The elongated-oval stamen sits dorsally at the end of the column, to which it is connected via a short, thick connector. In two chambers it contains a total of four pollinia . These are unequal in size and roughly pear-shaped. The long stalks made of transformed pollen mass (caudicel) hang over a short, triangular connecting link made of columnar tissue (hamulus) on the small adhesive disc (viscidium).
Locations
The Baskervilla species occur at altitudes of 1000 to 3300 meters. They colonize cloud forests.
Systematics and distribution
The genus Baskervilla was established by Lindley in 1840 with the type Baskervilla assurgens .
Baskervilla occurs at higher altitudes in Nicaragua, Costa Rica and Panama, further south along the Andes from Venezuela to Peru. Baskervilla paranaensis has a distribution area in southern Brazil.
The genus Baskervilla belongs to the subtribe Cranichidinae from the tribe Cranichideae in the subfamily Orchidoideae within the family Orchidaceae .
There are around ten types of Baskervilla :
- Baskervilla assurgens Lindl. : It occurs in Colombia , Ecuador and Peru .
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Baskervilla auriculata Garay : There are two varieties:
- Baskervilla auriculata var. Auriculata : It occurs in Ecuador.
- Baskervilla auriculata var. Yungasensis T.Hashim. : It occurs in Bolivia .
- Baskervilla boliviana T.Hashim. : It occurs in Bolivia.
- Baskervilla colombiana Garay (Syn .: Baskervilla nicaraguensis Hamer & Garay ): It occurs from Nicaragua to southern Venezuela .
- Baskervilla leptantha Dressler : It occurs in Costa Rica .
- Baskervilla machupicchuensis Nauray & Christenson : It occurs in Peru .
- Baskervilla paranaensis (Kraenzl.) Schltr. : It occurs in Brazil .
- Baskervilla pastasae Garay : It occurs in Ecuador.
- Baskervilla stenopetala Dressler : It only occurs in Panama .
- Baskervilla venezuelana Garay & Dunst. : It occurs from Colombia to Guyana .
Name declaration
The generic name honors Thomas Baskerville (1812-1840), an English doctor and botanist.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n Rafaël Govaerts (Ed.): Baskervilla. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved December 6, 2016.
- ↑ Lotte Burkhardt: Directory of eponymous plant names . Extended Edition. Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin, Free University Berlin Berlin 2018. [1]
See also
literature
- Leslie A. Garay: 225 (1). Orchidaceae (Cypripedioideae, Orchidoideae and Neottioideae) . In: Gunnar Harling, Benkt Sparre (ed.): Flora of Ecuador . tape 9 , 1978, ISSN 0347-8742 , p. 208 .
- Alec M. Pridgeon, Phillip Cribb, Mark W. Chase, Finn Rasmussen (Eds.): Genera Orchidacearum. Orchidoideae (Part 2). Vanilloideae . tape 3/2 . Oxford University Press, New York / Oxford 2003, ISBN 0-19-850711-9 , pp. 29-31 .
