Bastard buttercup

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Bastard buttercup
Bastard buttercup (Ranunculus hybridus) in the Sengsengebirge in southern Upper Austria

Bastard buttercup ( Ranunculus hybridus ) in the Sengsengebirge in southern Upper Austria

Systematics
Order : Buttercups (Ranunculales)
Family : Buttercup Family (Ranunculaceae)
Subfamily : Ranunculoideae
Tribe : Ranunculeae
Genre : Buttercup ( Ranunculus )
Type : Bastard buttercup
Scientific name
Ranunculus hybridus
Biria

The hybrid buttercup ( Ranunculus hybridus ) is a species of the genus buttercup ( Ranunculus ) within the buttercup family (Ranunculaceae). Other common names are: crest buttercup , cockscomb buttercup or kidney-leaved buttercup .

description

Illustration from Atlas of Alpine Flora

Vegetative characteristics

The bastard buttercup grows as a perennial herbaceous plant and reaches heights of 10 to 15, rarely up to 20 centimeters. The stems are usually more or less branched.

During the flowering period, there are only one or two, rarely up to four, basal leaves that are alternately arranged on the stem . The basal leaves and the lower coarse, blue-green frosted stem leaves have a petiole and a kidney-shaped leaf blade, which is incised, notched or serrated with entire margins and in the upper part irregularly three- to five-lobed. The uppermost stem leaves are simple and lanceolate, the lower ones deeply divided. All leaves are pruinose blue-green.

Generative characteristics

The flowering period extends from June to August. The hermaphrodite, radial symmetry flowers have a diameter of 1 to 2 centimeters. The flower base is bare. The five yellow petals are up to 6 millimeters in length longer than the sepals .

There are only a few nuts together in a collective fruit. The bald, clearly veined, almost spherical nuts with a length of 3.5 to 4 millimeters have a short, curved beak.

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 16.

ingredients

The bastard buttercup is poisonous.

Occurrence

The distribution area of the bastard buttercup includes the northern and southern Limestone Alps , west to Tyrol and the Bergamasque Alps . In Austria , this species is distributed in the federal states of Lower, Upper Austria , Styria , Carinthia , Salzburg and Tyrol . The bastard buttercup is extremely rare in Germany.

This limestone species prefers rocks, rubble, stony lawns and mountain pine slopes. The bastard buttercup occurs at altitudes of 1300 to 3000 meters in the upper montane to alpine altitudes . It thrives on warm, fresh to seeped, agitated limestone and dolomite rubble soils that are warm in summer. Ranunculus hybridus is a character species of the order Thlaspietalia, also occurs in Caricetum firmae and often together with Trisetum distichophyllum or the shield dock ( Rumex scutatus ).

Taxonomy

The valid first description of Ranunculus hybridus was in 1811 by JAJ Biria .

swell

literature

  • Xaver Finkenzeller, Jürke Grau: Alpine flowers. Recognize and determine (=  Steinbach's natural guide ). Mosaik, Munich 2002, ISBN 3-576-11482-3 .
  • Manfred A. Fischer, Wolfgang Adler, Karl Oswald: Excursion flora for Austria, Liechtenstein and South Tyrol . 2nd, improved and enlarged edition. State of Upper Austria, Biology Center of the Upper Austrian State Museums, Linz 2005, ISBN 3-85474-140-5 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f g Ranunculus hybridus Biria, renal-leaved buttercup. In: FloraWeb.de.
  2. ↑ a b Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . With the collaboration of Angelika Schwabe and Theo Müller. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , pp.  408 .

Web links

Commons : Bastard Buttercup ( Ranunculus hybridus )  - Album with pictures, videos and audio files