Tree cotoneaster

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Tree cotoneaster
Cotoneaster frigidus berries 1.jpg

Tree cotoneaster ( Cotoneaster frigidus )

Systematics
Family : Rose family (Rosaceae)
Subfamily : Spiraeoideae
Tribe : Pyreae
Sub tribus : Pome fruit family (Pyrinae)
Genre : Medlars ( Cotoneaster )
Type : Tree cotoneaster
Scientific name
Cotoneaster frigidus
Wall. ex Lindl.

The tree-cotoneaster ( Cotoneaster frigidus ) is up to 10 meters high shrub or tree with bright red fruits from the group of maloideae (Pyrinae). The natural range of the species is in the Himalayas in Asia. It is sometimes used as an ornamental plant.

description

Leaves and fruits

The coton loquat is a deciduous or evergreen shrub up to 10 meters high or a small, broad-crowned tree with broadly overhanging branches. The twigs are reddish brown to gray-brown, initially tomentose and later balding. The leaves are on upright shoots, otherwise spiral in two lines. The petiole is 4 to 7 millimeters long and tomentose. The stipules are brown, linear-lanceolate, 4 to 6 millimeters long and slightly tomentose. The leaf blade is simple, narrow oval to ovate-lanceolate, 3.5 to 8 rarely to 12 centimeters long and 1.5 to 3 rarely to 4 centimeters wide, with a pointed or blunt, sometimes spiky tip, and a wedge-shaped or broadly wedge-shaped base. The upper side of the leaf is dull green, usually bare with slightly sunken leaf veins ; the underside is initially hairy tomentose and gradually balding with protruding leaf veins.

The flowers grow in umbrella panicles 4 to 6 centimeters long and 3 to 5 centimeters in diameter consisting of 20 to 40 flowers with a dense, tomentose-haired inflorescence spindle. The bracts are linear-lanceolate, 3 to 5 millimeters long and tomentose. The flower stalks are also hairy tomentose and 2 to 4 millimeters long. The flowers are 6 to 7 millimeters in diameter. The flower cup is bell-shaped or short cylindrical and has thick tomentose hair on the outside. The sepals are triangular, with a blunt tip, 1 to 1.5 millimeters long and 1.5 to 2 millimeters wide. The petals are horizontal. They are white, bald or finely haired on top, broadly ovoid or rounded, 3 to 3.5 millimeters long and almost as wide, with a blunt or rarely edged tip and a broadly nailed base. The top is finely haired at the base. The 18 to 20 stamens are slightly shorter than the petals. The tip of the ovary is densely tomentose. The two free-standing styles are shorter than the stamens. The light red and elliptical fruits are 4 to 5 millimeters in diameter. Two pips are formed per fruit. The tree cotoneaster flowers from March to May, the fruits ripen from September to October.

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 34.

Occurrence and location requirements

The natural distribution area is in the Tibet Autonomous Region , in Bhutan, in the Himalayan region of India and in Nepal. The loquat tree grows in steppes and dry forests at 2800 to 3300 meters above sea level on dry to fresh, slightly acidic to strongly alkaline, sandy, sandy-gravelly or sandy-loamy, nutrient-rich soils in light to partially shaded locations. The species loves warmth, is sensitive to moisture and is moderately frost hardy .

Systematics

The tree-cotoneaster ( Cotoneaster frigidus ) is a kind of the genus of cotoneaster ( Cotoneaster ). It is in the family of the rose family (Rosaceae) of the subfamily spiraeoideae, tribes of the subtribe Pyreae maloideae assigned (Pyrinae). The generic name Cotoneaster is derived from the Latin "cotoneum malum" for the quince ( Cydonia oblonga ). The ending "aster" is a coarse form for groups of plants that are considered inferior in comparison to similar groups. The specific epithet frigidus also comes from Latin and means "cold" and refers to the preferred cold location in the high mountains.

use

The cotoneaster is sometimes used as an ornamental wood because of its remarkable fruits .

proof

literature

  • Wu Zhengyi, Peter H. Raven, Deyuan Hong (Eds.): Flora of China . Volume 9: Pittosporaceae through Connaraceae . Science Press / Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing / St. Louis 2003, ISBN 1-930723-14-8 , pp. 90 (English).
  • Andreas Roloff , Andreas Bärtels: Flora of the woods. Purpose, properties and use. With a winter key from Bernd Schulz. 3rd, corrected edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2008, ISBN 978-3-8001-5614-6 , p. 230.
  • Helmut Genaust: Etymological dictionary of botanical plant names. 3rd, completely revised and expanded edition. Nikol, Hamburg 2005, ISBN 3-937872-16-7 (reprint from 1996).

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ German name after Roloff et al .: Flora der Gehölze , p. 230
  2. ↑ a b c d Zhi-Yun Zhang, Hongda Zhang, Peter K. Endress: Cotoneaster frigidus , in: Wu Zhengyi, Peter H. Raven, Deyuan Hong (eds.): Flora of China . Volume 9: Pittosporaceae through Connaraceae . Science Press / Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing / St. Louis 2003, ISBN 1-930723-14-8 , pp. 90 (English). .
  3. ↑ a b c d Roloff et al .: Flora der Gehölze , p. 230.
  4. ↑ Cotoneaster frigidus. In: Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN). United States Department of Agriculture, accessed April 30, 2012 . .
  5. ↑ D. Potter, T. Eriksson, RC Evans, S. Oh, JEE Smedmark, DR Morgan, M. Kerr, KR Robertson, M. Arsenault, TA Dickinson, CS Campbell: Phylogeny and classification of Rosaceae . Plant Systematics and Evolution, Volume 266, 2007, pp. 5-43. doi : 10.1007 / s00606-007-0539-9 .
  6. ↑ Exactly: Etymological Dictionary of Botanical Plant Names , p. 181.
  7. ↑ Exactly: Etymological Dictionary of Botanical Plant Names , p. 256.

Web links

Commons : Cotoneaster frigidus  - collection of images, videos and audio files