Dwarf medlars

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Dwarf medlars
Illustration of the common cotoneaster (Cotoneaster integerrimus)

Illustration of the common cotoneaster ( Cotoneaster integerrimus )

Systematics
Order : Rose-like (rosales)
Family : Rose family (Rosaceae)
Subfamily : Spiraeoideae
Tribe : Pyreae
Sub tribus : Pome fruit family (Pyrinae)
Genre : Dwarf medlars
Scientific name
Cotoneaster
Medic.

The cotoneaster ( Cotoneaster ) is a genus of maloideae (Pyrinae) from the family of the rose family (Rosaceae). About 90 species belong to the genus .

The natural range is the Palearctic region (temperate Asia, Europe, North Africa), with a focus on the Himalayas and south-west China .

description

Cotoneaster species grow as deciduous to evergreen shrubs , rarely trees . The growth form ranges from the prostrate ground cover to 15 meter high small trees. The branches are not reinforced (in contrast to the firethorn species ( Pyracantha )). The alternate leaves are simple with a short petiole. The leaf margin is smooth. The stipules are small.

Carpet cotoneaster ( Cotoneaster dammeri )

The flowers are sometimes single and few in small bundles, but mostly in umbrella- shaped inflorescences . The hermaphrodite, radially symmetrical flowers are five-fold. The five short sepals are also clearly visible on the fruits. The five petals are white, cream, pink to light purple or red. There are ten to 20 (rarely up to 22) stamens . There are two to five subordinate to semi-subordinate carpels . The two to five styles are free.

Leaf and fruits of Cotoneaster tomentosus in autumn

The apple-shaped fruit is red to brownish red, or orange to black, the fleshy sepals are still clearly recognizable and they contain only one seed.

All parts of the plant, but especially the fruits, are slightly poisonous.

Leaves and fruits of spiky cotoneaster ( Cotoneaster acuminatus )
Wrinkled cotoneaster ( Cotoneaster bullatus )
Diel's cotoneaster ( Cotoneaster dielsianus )
Common cotoneaster ( Cotoneaster divaricatus )
Franchets cotoneaster ( Cotoneaster franchetii )
Tree cotoneaster ( Cotoneaster frigidus )
Japanese cotoneaster ( Cotoneaster horizontalis )
Small-leaved cotoneaster ( Cotoneaster microphyllus )
Coarse cotoneaster ( Cotoneaster pannosus )
Dense-flowered cotoneaster ( Cotoneaster racemiflorus )
Willow-leaved cotoneaster ( Cotoneaster salicifolius )

use

In the temperate latitudes, some species or their varieties are planted as ornamental trees, for example as ground cover . The ground-covering cotoneaster species are also often planted as street green in cities or in open spaces between buildings (so-called “architect parsley”). The genus Cotoneaster is one of the host plants of the fire blight .

Systematics

The cotoneaster ( Cotoneaster ) are a genus of the family of Rosaceae (Rosaceae). There they are assigned to the subfamily Spiraeoideae, Tribus Pyreae, Untertribus pome fruit plants (Pyrinae). The genus was first scientifically described by Friedrich Casimir Medicus in 1789 . About 90 species are assigned to the genus . The following types are listed as valid in the Plant List:

Fire blight

As the pome fruit family (Pyrinae), cotonite species are endangered by fire blight and they are among the main host groups.

The import, production and placing on the market of dwarf medlars has been prohibited in Switzerland since May 1, 2002.

literature

  • Wu Zhengyi, Peter H. Raven, Deyuan Hong (Eds.): Flora of China . Volume 9: Pittosporaceae through Connaraceae . Science Press / Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing / St. Louis 2003, ISBN 1-930723-14-8 , pp. 85 (English). [1]
  • Andreas Roloff , Andreas Bärtels: Flora of the woods. Purpose, properties and use. With a winter key from Bernd Schulz. 3rd, corrected edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2008, ISBN 978-3-8001-5614-6 , pp. 226-238.

Web links

Commons : Medlars  - Collection of images, videos, and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ D. Potter, T. Eriksson, RC Evans, S. Oh, JEE Smedmark, DR Morgan, M. Kerr, KR Robertson, M. Arsenault, TA Dickinson, CS Campbell: Phylogeny and classification of Rosaceae . Plant Systematics and Evolution, Volume 266, 2007, pp. 5-43. doi: 10.1007 / s00606-007-0539-9
  2. ↑ Zhi-Yun Zhang, Hongda Zhang, Peter K. Endress: Cotoneaster , in: Wu Zhengyi, Peter H. Raven, Deyuan Hong (eds.): Flora of China . Volume 9: Pittosporaceae through Connaraceae . Science Press / Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing / St. Louis 2003, ISBN 1-930723-14-8 , pp. 85 (English).
  3. ↑ Cotoneaster. In: The Plant List. Retrieved April 23, 2012 .
  4. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u German names based on Roloff et al .: Flora der Gehölze , pp. 226–238.
  5. ↑ Entry at The Euro + Med PlantBase - the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity
  6. ↑ Page no longer available , search in web archives: Swiss import regulations@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / www.ezv.admin.ch
  7. ↑ Plant diseases - fire blight - home garden. ACW, archived from the original on April 13, 2009 ; Retrieved April 26, 2008 .