Bulky cotoneaster

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Bulky cotoneaster
Cotoneaster divaricatus.JPG

Common cotoneaster ( Cotoneaster divaricatus )

Systematics
Family : Rose family (Rosaceae)
Subfamily : Spiraeoideae
Tribe : Pyreae
Sub tribus : Pome fruit family (Pyrinae)
Genre : Medlars ( Cotoneaster )
Type : Bulky cotoneaster
Scientific name
Cotoneaster divaricatus
Rehder & EHWilson

The savings engined cotoneaster or sparrig-Steinmispel ( Cotoneaster divaricatus ) is a species in the genus cotoneaster ( Cotoneaster ) in the subtribe the maloideae (Pyrinae). The natural range is in China , in Europe it is a neophyte . It is often used as an ornamental plant.

description

Branches with alternate leaves and immature fruits

Vegetative characteristics

The chubby cotoneaster is an upright, deciduous shrub that reaches heights of up to 2 meters. The bark of the widely arching, stem-round, thin twigs is dark reddish-brown or dark gray-brown, initially hairy and hairy later on.

The alternate leaves arranged on the branches are divided into a petiole and a leaf blade. The petiole is 1 to 2 seldom to 3 millimeters long and hairy downy. The leaf blade is simple, oval or broadly oval, rarely obovate, 0.7 to 2 centimeters long and 0.5 to 1 centimeter wide, with a pointed or rarely more or less blunt and sometimes spiky tip and a broad wedge-shaped base. The upper side of the leaf is shiny dark green, initially with downy hairs, later almost bare with more or less sunken leaf veins ; the underside of the leaf is lighter, initially also downy hairy with protruding leaf veins. The autumn color of the leaves is brown-red. The stipules are linear-lanceolate, slightly hairy and fall off early.

Generative characteristics

Two to four flowers stand together in an inflorescence with a diameter of 5 to 6 millimeters . The bracts are linear-lanceolate and slightly hairy. The flower stalk is slightly hairy and 1 to 2 millimeters long.

The hermaphroditic flowers are 3 to 4 millimeters in diameter and are radially symmetrical and five-fold with a double flower envelope . The flower cup is slightly hairy on the outside. The sepals are triangular, pointed and 1 to 2 millimeters long. The five petals are erect, pink, egg-shaped or oblong, 3 to 4 millimeters long and 2 to 3 millimeters wide, with a blunt tip and a short nailed base. The 10 to 15 stamens are shorter than the petals. The tip of the ovary is hairy downy. The two free-standing styles are shorter than the stamens.

The red fruits when ripe are ellipsoidal and slightly downy with a diameter of 5 to 7 millimeters. Each fruit usually contains two, rarely one or three seeds.

The chunky cotoneaster flowers from April to June, the fruits ripen from September to October.

Occurrence

The natural range of Cotoneaster divaricatus is in the Chinese provinces of Anhui , Gansu , Guizhou , Hubei , Hunan , Jiangxi , Shaanxi , Sichuan , Yunnan , Zhejiang and in Xinjiang as well as in Tibet . In Austria, Germany and Great Britain, the chubby cotoneaster is a neophyte .

The chubby cotoneaster grows in mountain forests and shrub areas at altitudes of 1600 to 3400 meters in sunny to light-shaded locations. It thrives best on moderately dry to fresh, slightly acidic to strongly alkaline, sandy-gravelly, sandy-loamy, rocky and shallow soils . The chunky cotoneaster is frost hardy .

Systematics

The type saving engined cotoneaster ( Cotoneaster divaricatus ) belongs to the genus of cotoneaster ( Cotoneaster ) from the subtribe the maloideae (Pyrinae) of the tribe Pyreae in the subfamily spiraeoideae within the family of Rosaceae (Rosaceae).

The first description of Cotoneaster divaricatus was made in 1912 by Alfred Rehder and Ernest Henry Wilson . The genus name Cotoneaster is derived from the Latin “cotoneum malum” for the quince ( Cydonia oblonga ) and the ending “aster” is a coarse form for groups of plants that are considered inferior in comparison to similar groups. The specific epithet divaricatus also comes from Latin and means "spread apart" or "bulky".

use

The chunky cotoneaster is very often used as an ornamental wood because of its remarkable fruits and the striking autumn color .

proof

literature

  • Wu Zhengyi, Peter H. Raven, Deyuan Hong (Eds.): Flora of China . Volume 9: Pittosporaceae through Connaraceae . Science Press / Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing / St. Louis 2003, ISBN 1-930723-14-8 , pp. 106 (English).
  • Andreas Roloff , Andreas Bärtels: Flora of the woods. Purpose, properties and use. With a winter key from Bernd Schulz. 3rd, corrected edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2008, ISBN 978-3-8001-5614-6 , pp. 229-230.
  • Jost Fitschen: Woody flora . 12th, revised and expanded edition. Quelle & Meyer, Wiebelsheim 2007, ISBN 3-494-01422-1 , p. 439 .
  • Manfred A. Fischer , Karl Oswald, Wolfgang Adler: Excursion flora for Austria, Liechtenstein and South Tyrol. 3rd, improved edition. State of Upper Austria, Biology Center of the Upper Austrian State Museums, Linz 2008, ISBN 978-3-85474-187-9 , p. 543.
  • Helmut Genaust: Etymological dictionary of botanical plant names. 3rd, completely revised and expanded edition. Nikol, Hamburg 2005, ISBN 3-937872-16-7 (reprint from 1996).

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ German name after Roloff et al .: Flora der Gehölze , p. 229 and after Fitschen: Gehölzflora , p. 439.
  2. ^ German name after Fischer, Oswald, Adler: Excursion flora for Austria, Liechtenstein and South Tyrol , p. 543.
  3. ↑ a b c d e f g Zhi-Yun Zhang, Hongda Zhang, Peter K. Endress: Cotoneaster divaricatus , In: Wu Zhengyi, Peter H. Raven, Deyuan Hong (eds.): Flora of China . Volume 9: Pittosporaceae through Connaraceae . Science Press / Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing / St. Louis 2003, ISBN 1-930723-14-8 , pp. 106 (English).
  4. ↑ a b c d e f g h Roloff et al .: Flora of the Woods , pp. 229–230.
  5. ^ A b Cotoneaster divaricatus in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved April 29, 2012.
  6. ↑ D. Potter, T. Eriksson, RC Evans, S. Oh, JEE Smedmark, DR Morgan, M. Kerr, KR Robertson, M. Arsenault, TA Dickinson, CS Campbell: Phylogeny and classification of Rosaceae . Plant Systematics and Evolution, Volume 266, 2007, pp. 5-43. doi : 10.1007 / s00606-007-0539-9
  7. ^ Cotoneaster divaricatus at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, accessed November 4, 2015.
  8. ↑ Exactly: Etymological Dictionary of Botanical Plant Names , p. 181.
  9. ↑ Exactly: Etymological Dictionary of Botanical Plant Names , p. 213.

Web links

Commons : Common cotoneaster ( Cotoneaster divaricatus )  - Collection of images, videos, and audio files