Wrinkled cotoneaster

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Wrinkled cotoneaster
P1070063-Cotoneaster-bullatus.JPG

Wrinkled cotoneaster ( Cotoneaster bullatus )

Systematics
Family : Rose family (Rosaceae)
Subfamily : Spiraeoideae
Tribe : Pyreae
Sub tribus : Pome fruit family (Pyrinae)
Genre : Medlars ( Cotoneaster )
Type : Wrinkled cotoneaster
Scientific name
Cotoneaster bullatus
Bois

The Wrinkled cotoneaster or wrinkle-cotoneaster ( Cotoneaster bullatus ) is a plant from the genus of the subtribe maloideae (Pyrinae). The natural range is in western China. It is used as an ornamental plant.

description

Illustration of Cotoneaster bullatus var. Floribundus
Branches with leaves and ripe fruits
Leaves and fruits

Vegetative characteristics

The wrinkled cotoneaster is a broad and loosely growing, deciduous shrub that reaches heights of up to 2 meters. The bark of the strong, stalk-round twigs is gray-black, initially striggy hairy and later balding.

The alternate leaves arranged on the branches are divided into a petiole and a leaf blade. The petiole is rarely from 1.5, usually 3 to 6 millimeters long and finely haired. With a length of 3.5 to 7, rarely up to 15 centimeters and a width of 2 to 4, rarely up to 8 centimeters, the simple leaf blade is elongated-ovoid to elliptical or lanceolate-elongated with a wedge-shaped or rounded blade base and a pointed or rarely pointed tip . The upper side of the leaf is dark green, wrinkled and blistered, glabrous or finely hairy; the underside of the leaf is gray-green, finely hairy, especially along the protruding leaf veins. The early falling stipules are lanceolate, 3 to 5 millimeters long, brown and finely hairy.

Generative characteristics

The umbrella-like inflorescences, which are 2.5 to 5 centimeters in diameter, contain 5 to 13 flowers on the finely hairy inflorescence axis, and up to 31 flowers in two varieties . The finely hairy bracts are lanceolate with a length of 2 to 3 millimeters. The flower stalks are finely haired and 1 to 3 millimeters long.

The hermaphroditic flowers are 7 to 8 millimeters in diameter and are radially symmetrical and five-fold with a double flower envelope . The flower cup is bell-shaped and initially slightly hairy on the outside and later balding. The five sepals are triangular, pointed, 1 to 1.5 millimeters long and 1.5 to 2.5 millimeters wide. The five white and reddish tinged, upright petals are obovate with a length of 4 to 4.5 millimeters and almost the same width with a short nailed base and blunt upper end. The 20 to 22 stamens are shorter than the petals. The tip of the ovary is hairy. The four to five freestanding styluses are very short.

The fruits, which are red when ripe, are 6 to 8 millimeters long and 6 to 8 millimeters in diameter and are round or obovate. Each fruit contains four or five seeds.

The wrinkled cotoneaster flowers from May to June, the fruits ripen from August to September.

Site conditions

The wrinkled coton grows in mountain forests, hedges, bushes and on river banks at altitudes of 900 to 3200 meters in sunny to light-shaded, summer-cool locations. It thrives best in fresh to moist, slightly acidic to alkaline, nutrient-rich soils . The wrinkled cotoneaster is usually frost hardy .

Systematics and distribution

The natural range of Cotoneaster bullatus is in the Chinese provinces of Hubei , Sichuan , Yunnan and in Tibet . Two varieties occur only in western Sichuan.

The Wrinkled cotoneaster ( Cotoneaster bullatus ) is a kind of the genus of cotoneaster ( Cotoneaster ) from the subtribe the maloideae (Pyrinae) of the tribe Pyreae in the subfamily spiraeoideae within the family of Rosaceae (Rosaceae).

The first description of Cotoneaster bullatus was in 1904 by Désiré Georges Jean Marie Bois . The genus name Cotoneaster is derived from the Latin “cotoneum malum” for the quince ( Cydonia oblonga ) and the ending “aster” is a coarse form for groups of plants that are considered inferior in comparison to similar groups. The specific epithet bullatus also comes from Latin and means "blistered", which refers to the wrinkled leaves.

Of Cotoneaster bullatus there are about three varieties:

  • Cotoneaster bullatus Bois var. Bullatus with 3 to 6 millimeter long petioles and inflorescences of 5 to 13 flowers.
  • Cotoneaster bullatus var. Floribundus (Stapf) LTLu & Brach : It thrives in mountain forests at altitudes of 900 to 2800 meters only in western Sichuan. The leaf stalks are under 2 millimeters and the leaf blades under 5 centimeters long. The inflorescences rarely contain 9 usually 15 to 31 flowers with a diameter of 4 to 6 centimeters.
  • Cotoneaster bullatus var. Macrophyllus Rehder & EHWilson : It thrives in the thicket at altitudes of 1300 to 2800 meters only in western Sichuan. The approximately 2 millimeter long petioles, leaf blades that are 5 to 15 centimeters long and 2.5 to 8 centimeters wide, and inflorescences of 11 to 31 flowers with a diameter of 5 to 8 centimeters.

use

The wrinkled cotoneaster is very often used as an ornamental wood because of its impressive flowers and fruits .

proof

literature

  • Zhi-Yun Zhang, Hongda Zhang, Peter K. Endress: Cotoneaster bullatus , In: Wu Zhengyi, Peter H. Raven, Deyuan Hong (Eds.): Flora of China . Volume 9: Pittosporaceae through Connaraceae . Science Press / Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing / St. Louis 2003, ISBN 1-930723-14-8 , pp. 99 (English).
  • Andreas Roloff , Andreas Bärtels: Flora of the woods. Purpose, properties and use. With a winter key from Bernd Schulz. 3rd, corrected edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2008, ISBN 978-3-8001-5614-6 , p. 228.
  • Jost Fitschen: Woody flora . 12th, revised and expanded edition. Quelle & Meyer, Wiebelsheim 2007, ISBN 3-494-01422-1 , p. 437 .
  • Helmut Genaust: Etymological dictionary of botanical plant names. 3rd, completely revised and expanded edition. Nikol, Hamburg 2005, ISBN 3-937872-16-7 (reprint from 1996).

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ German name after Roloff et al .: Flora der Gehölze , p. 228.
  2. ^ German name according to Fitschen: Gehölzflora , p. 437.
  3. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j Zhi-Yun Zhang, Hongda Zhang, Peter K. Endress: Cotoneaster bullatus , In: Wu Zhengyi, Peter H. Raven, Deyuan Hong (ed.): Flora of China . Volume 9: Pittosporaceae through Connaraceae . Science Press / Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing / St. Louis 2003, ISBN 1-930723-14-8 , pp. 99 (English).
  4. ↑ a b c d e f g h Roloff et al .: Flora der Gehölze , p. 228.
  5. ^ A b Cotoneaster bullatus in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved April 27, 2012.
  6. ↑ D. Potter, T. Eriksson, RC Evans, S. Oh, JEE Smedmark, DR Morgan, M. Kerr, KR Robertson, M. Arsenault, TA Dickinson, CS Campbell: Phylogeny and classification of Rosaceae . Plant Systematics and Evolution, Volume 266, 2007, pp. 5-43. doi : 10.1007 / s00606-007-0539-9
  7. ^ Cotoneaster bullatus at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, accessed November 5, 2015.
  8. ↑ Exactly: Etymological Dictionary of Botanical Plant Names , p. 181.
  9. ↑ Exactly: Etymological Dictionary of Botanical Plant Names , p. 110.

Web links

Commons : Cotoneaster bullatus  - Collection of images, videos and audio files