Espalier cotoneaster
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Espalier cotoneaster ( Cotoneaster adpressus ) |
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The espalier cotoneaster ( Cotoneaster adpressus ) is a reddish flowering shrub belonging to the pome fruit family (Pyrinae). The natural range of the species extends from western China to India and Myanmar. It is often used as an ornamental plant.
description
The espalier cotoneaster is a deciduous, more or less prostrate, and rarely more than 25 centimeters high, broad- growing shrub with reddish-brown, gray-brown or gray-black, initially striggy-haired and later balding, fan-shaped, spreading and arching branches. The leaves are divided into a petiole and a leaf blade. The stalk is 1 to 2 millimeters long, glabrous or finely hairy. The stipules are sub-like, almost as long as the petiole and fall off early. The leaf blade is simple, broadly ovate or obovate, rarely oval, 5 to 15 millimeters long and 4 to 10 millimeters wide, entire and wavy, with a blunt to more or less pointed tip and a wedge-shaped base. The upper side of the leaf is dull green, glabrous with a sunken central leaf vein, the underside is lighter, ciliate to glabrous with a protruding central leaf vein. The autumn color is dark wine-red.
The inflorescences consist of 1 to 2 almost sessile flowers with a diameter of 7 to 8 millimeters. The flower cup is bell-shaped and slightly hairy on the outside. The sepals are oval-triangular, pointed and shorter than the petals. The petals stand upright. They are pink, obovate, 4 to 5 millimeters long and almost as wide, with a blunt or edged tip. The ten to 15 stamens are shorter than the petals. The tip of the ovary is hairy. The detached, two-time stylus do not protrude beyond the stamens. The fruits are 7 to 9 millimeters in diameter. They are bright red, plump and bald. Two, rarely three pips are formed per fruit. The espalier cotoneaster flowers from May to June, the fruits ripen from August to September.
The number of chromosomes is 2n = 68.
Occurrence and location requirements
The natural range extends from the Chinese provinces of Gansu , Guizhou , Hubei , Qinghai , Shaanxi , Sichuan , Xizang and Yunnan to tropical regions in India, Nepal and Myanmar. The espalier coton grows in mountain forests, alpine areas, hedges and shrub areas at an altitude of 1900 to 4000 meters on moderately dry to fresh, slightly acidic to strongly alkaline, sandy-gravelly to loamy, rocky and shallow, nutrient-rich soils on sunny, summer-hot to summer-cool and cold winter locations. The species loves warmth and is usually frost hardy .
Systematics
The trellis-cotoneaster ( Cotoneaster adpressus ) is a kind of the genus of cotoneaster ( Cotoneaster ). It is in the family of the rose family (Rosaceae) of the subfamily spiraeoideae, tribes of the subtribe Pyreae maloideae assigned (Pyrinae). The species was first scientifically described in 1904 by Désiré Georges Jean Marie Bois as Cotoneaster adpressa . The generic name Cotoneaster is derived from the Latin "cotoneum malum" for the quince ( Cydonia oblonga ). The ending "aster" is a coarse form for groups of plants that are considered inferior in comparison to similar groups. The specific epithet adpressus also comes from Latin and means “pressed down”, which indicates the downward growth.
use
The espalier cotoneaster is often used as an ornamental plant because of its remarkable fruits and striking autumn colors.
proof
literature
- Wu Zhengyi, Peter H. Raven, Deyuan Hong (Eds.): Flora of China . Volume 9: Pittosporaceae through Connaraceae . Science Press / Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing / St. Louis 2003, ISBN 1-930723-14-8 , pp. 105 (English).
- Andreas Roloff , Andreas Bärtels: Flora of the woods. Purpose, properties and use. With a winter key from Bernd Schulz. 3rd, corrected edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2008, ISBN 978-3-8001-5614-6 , pp. 227-228.
- Jost Fitschen: Woody flora . 12th, revised and expanded edition. Quelle & Meyer, Wiebelsheim 2007, ISBN 3-494-01422-1 , p. 440 .
- Helmut Genaust: Etymological dictionary of botanical plant names. 3rd, completely revised and expanded edition. Nikol, Hamburg 2005, ISBN 3-937872-16-7 (reprint from 1996).
Individual evidence
- ↑ German name after Roloff et al .: Flora of the Woods , p. 227 and after Fitschen: Gehölzflora , p. 440
- ↑ a b c d Zhi-Yun Zhang, Hongda Zhang, Peter K. Endress: Cotoneaster adpressus , in: Wu Zhengyi, Peter H. Raven, Deyuan Hong (eds.): Flora of China . Volume 9: Pittosporaceae through Connaraceae . Science Press / Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing / St. Louis 2003, ISBN 1-930723-14-8 , pp. 105 (English).
- ↑ a b c d Roloff et al .: Flora der Gehölze , pp. 227–228
- ↑ a b Cotoneaster adpressus. In: Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN). United States Department of Agriculture, accessed April 24, 2012 .
- ↑ D. Potter, T. Eriksson, RC Evans, S. Oh, JEE Smedmark, DR Morgan, M. Kerr, KR Robertson, M. Arsenault, TA Dickinson, CS Campbell: Phylogeny and classification of Rosaceae . Plant Systematics and Evolution, Volume 266, 2007, pp. 5-43. doi : 10.1007 / s00606-007-0539-9
- ↑ Exactly: Etymological Dictionary of Botanical Plant Names , p. 181
- ↑ Exactly: Etymological Dictionary of Botanical Plant Names , p. 40
Web links
- Thomas Meyer: Data sheet with identification key and photos at Flora-de: Flora von Deutschland (old name of the website: Flowers in Swabia )
- Cotoneaster adpressus. In: The Plant List. Retrieved April 24, 2012 .