Carpet Cotoneaster

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Carpet Cotoneaster
Carpet cotoneaster (Cotoneaster dammeri)

Carpet cotoneaster ( Cotoneaster dammeri )

Systematics
Family : Rose family (Rosaceae)
Subfamily : Spiraeoideae
Tribe : Pyreae
Sub tribus : Pome fruit family (Pyrinae)
Genre : Medlars ( Cotoneaster )
Type : Carpet Cotoneaster
Scientific name
Cotoneaster dammeri
CK cutting

The carpet cotoneaster ( Cotoneaster dammeri ) is an evergreen , creeping shrub from the group of pome fruit plants (Pyrinae). The natural range of the species is in China. It is often used as an ornamental plant.

description

Carpet Cotoneaster
Branch with leaves and flowers
blossoms
fruit

The carpet coton loquat is an evergreen, widely creeping espalier shrub with branches lying on the ground and rooting. The twigs are dark gray-brown to black-gray, with round peduncles, initially pressed, yellowish hairy and later balding. The leaves are arranged in two rows. The petiole is 2 to 3 millimeters long, initially also yellowish hairy and later balding. The stipules are lanceolate to linear-lanceolate, 2 to 4 millimeters long, slightly downy and usually fall off early. The leaf blade is simple, oval, oblong-oval or obovate, 1 to 2 rarely up to 3 centimeters long and 0.7 to 2.2 centimeters wide, thick leathery, with blunt, edged or more or less pointed tip and broadly wedge-shaped or rounded base. 4 to 6 wire pairs are formed. The upper side of the leaf is glossy dark green, glabrous with sunken leaf veins; the underside is lighter than the upper side, somewhat frosted, initially hairy and later balding with strongly protruding leaf veins .

The flowers are usually single, rarely in 1 centimeter diameter panicles of 2 to 3 flowers. The bracts are linear-lanceolate, 2 to 3 millimeters long and finely hairy. The flower stalks are finely haired and 4 to 6 millimeters long in the radicans variety . The flower cup is bell-shaped and slightly downy on the outside. The sepals are triangular, pointed, 1.5 to 2 millimeters long and about as wide. The petals are horizontal. They are white, glabrous, round to broadly ovate, 4 to 5 millimeters wide, with a blunt tip and a short nailed base. The 20 stamens are of unequal length and have reddish anthers. The tip of the ovary is hairy. The rarely three, usually four to five, free-standing styles are almost as long as the stamens. The fruits are bright red, glabrous, rounded, with a diameter of 6 to 7 millimeters. Seldom three, usually four or five pips are formed per fruit. The carpet cotoneaster flowers from May to June, the fruits ripen from September to October.

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 34.

Occurrence and location requirements

The natural range is in the Chinese provinces of Gansu , Guizhou , Hubei , Sichuan , Xizang and Yunnan . The species is feral in Europe. The carpet coton grows in cool, moist mountain regions at an altitude of 1,300 to 4,100 meters on moderately dry to fresh, slightly acidic to alkaline, not too nutrient-rich soils in sunny to light-shaded locations. The species is usually frost hardy .

Systematics

The carpet cotoneaster ( Cotoneaster dammeri ) is a kind of the genus of cotoneaster ( Cotoneaster ). It is in the family of the rose family (Rosaceae) of the subfamily spiraeoideae, tribes of the subtribe Pyreae maloideae assigned (Pyrinae). The species was scientifically described for the first time in 1906 by Camillo Karl Schneider in Illustrated Handbook of Hardwood Science . The generic name Cotoneaster is derived from the Latin "cotoneum malum" for the quince ( Cydonia oblonga ). The ending "aster" is a coarse form for groups of plants that are considered inferior in comparison to similar groups. The specific epithet dammeri is reminiscent of the botanist Udo Dammer .

There are two varieties :

  • Cotoneaster dammeri var. Dammeri with 2 to 3 millimeter long petioles, oval to oblong-oval leaf blades and 4 to 6 millimeter long flower stalks. It occurs at altitudes of 1300 to 2600 meters.
  • Cotoneaster dammeri var. Radicans (Dammer ex CK Schneider) CK Schneider with 6 to 10 millimeter long petioles, obovate leaf blades and 10 to 15 millimeter long flower stalks. It occurs at altitudes from 2000 to 4100 meters. The variety is also considered a separate species, Cotoneaster radicans .

use

The carpet coton is very often used as an ornamental wood due to its impressive fruits , but also as a bee pasture .

There are numerous varieties , including:

  • 'Major' with larger, 2.5 to 3.5 centimeters long leaf blades that can turn orange-red in autumn. The variety is planted particularly often.
  • 'Mooncreepers' with particularly flat growth and small, fresh green leaves and numerous, small fruits.
  • 'Thiensen' is similar to the 'Major' variety, but is only 15 centimeters high with leaves 4 to 5 centimeters long. The variety is resistant to fire blight .

proof

literature

  • Wu Zhengyi, Peter H. Raven, Deyuan Hong (Eds.): Flora of China . Volume 9: Pittosporaceae through Connaraceae . Science Press / Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing / St. Louis 2003, ISBN 1-930723-14-8 , pp. 102 (English).
  • Andreas Roloff , Andreas Bärtels: Flora of the woods. Purpose, properties and use. With a winter key from Bernd Schulz. 3rd, corrected edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2008, ISBN 978-3-8001-5614-6 , p. 229.
  • Jost Fitschen: Woody flora . 12th, revised and expanded edition. Quelle & Meyer, Wiebelsheim 2007, ISBN 3-494-01422-1 , p. 435 .
  • Helmut Genaust: Etymological dictionary of botanical plant names. 3rd, completely revised and expanded edition. Nikol, Hamburg 2005, ISBN 3-937872-16-7 (reprint from 1996).

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ German name after Roloff et al .: Flora der Gehölze , p. 229 and Fitschen: Gehölzflora , p. 435
  2. ↑ a b c d e Zhi-Yun Zhang, Hongda Zhang, Peter K. Endress: Cotoneaster dammeri , in: Wu Zhengyi, Peter H. Raven, Deyuan Hong (eds.): Flora of China . Volume 9: Pittosporaceae through Connaraceae . Science Press / Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing / St. Louis 2003, ISBN 1-930723-14-8 , pp. 102 (English).
  3. ↑ a b c d e f Roloff et al .: Flora der Gehölze , p. 229
  4. ^ Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . 8th edition. Verlag Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 . Page 501.
  5. ↑ a b Cotoneaster dammeri. In: Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN). United States Department of Agriculture, accessed April 28, 2012 .
  6. ↑ D. Potter, T. Eriksson, RC Evans, S. Oh, JEE Smedmark, DR Morgan, M. Kerr, KR Robertson, M. Arsenault, TA Dickinson, CS Campbell: Phylogeny and classification of Rosaceae . Plant Systematics and Evolution, Volume 266, 2007, pp. 5-43. doi : 10.1007 / s00606-007-0539-9
  7. ↑ Exactly: Etymological Dictionary of Botanical Plant Names , p. 181
  8. ↑ Zhi-Yun Zhang, Hongda Zhang, Peter K. Endress: Cotoneaster dammeri var dammeri , in: Wu Zhengyi, Peter H. Raven, Deyuan Hong (eds.): Flora of China . Volume 9: Pittosporaceae through Connaraceae . Science Press / Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing / St. Louis 2003, ISBN 1-930723-14-8 , pp. 102 (English).
  9. ↑ Zhi-Yun Zhang, Hongda Zhang, Peter K. Endress: Cotoneaster dammeri var radicans , in: Wu Zhengyi, Peter H. Raven, Deyuan Hong (eds.): Flora of China . Volume 9: Pittosporaceae through Connaraceae . Science Press / Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing / St. Louis 2003, ISBN 1-930723-14-8 , pp. 102 (English).

Web links

Commons : Cotoneaster dammeri  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Cotoneaster dammeri. In: The Plant List. Retrieved April 28, 2012 .