Benzonitrile

Structural formula
General
Surname	Benzonitrile
other names	Benzene carbonitrile; Benzoic acid nitrile; Phenyl cyanide;
Molecular formula	C 7 H 5 N
Brief description	colorless liquid with a pleasant smell of bitter almond
External identifiers / databases
EC number	202-855-7
ECHA InfoCard	100.002.596
PubChem	7505
Wikidata	Q412567
properties
Molar mass	103.12 g mol −1
Physical state	liquid
density	1.01 g cm −3 (20 ° C)
Melting point	−13 ° C
boiling point	191 ° C
Vapor pressure	72 Pa (20 ° C)
solubility	heavy in water (10 g l −1 at 20 ° C)
Refractive index	1.5289 (20 ° C)
safety instructions
GHS hazard labeling from Regulation (EC) No. 1272/2008 (CLP) , expanded if necessary Caution
H and P phrases	H: 302 + 312
	P: 280-301 + 312 + 330
	As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions . Refractive index: Na-D line , 20 ° C

Benzonitrile is a colorless, flammable liquid that smells like bitter almonds.

The molecule consists of a six-membered aromatic ring to which a nitrile group is attached. It is used as a chemical starting material for syntheses or very rarely as a solvent .

use

The benzylamine is produced by catalytic hydrogenation (reduction) of benzonitrile . However, if benzonitrile is mixed with strong aqueous acids or bases , it hydrolyzes via benzamide to benzoic acid and ammonia .

safety instructions

When burned, gases containing hydrocyanic acid can be produced.

Individual evidence

↑ Entry on benzonitrile. In: Römpp Online . Georg Thieme Verlag, accessed on November 12, 2014.
↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h Entry on benzonitrile in the GESTIS substance database of the IFA , accessed on January 8, 2018(JavaScript required) .
↑ David R. Lide (Ed.): CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics . 90th edition. (Internet version: 2010), CRC Press / Taylor and Francis, Boca Raton, FL, Physical Constants of Organic Compounds, pp. 3-38.
↑ Entry on Benzonitrile in the Classification and Labeling Inventory of the European Chemicals Agency (ECHA), accessed on February 1, 2016. Manufacturers or distributors can expand the harmonized classification and labeling .
^ Heinz GO Becker, Werner Berger, and Günter Domschke: Organikum . 22nd edition. Wiley-VCH, 2004, ISBN 978-3-527-31148-4 .

[1] Entry on benzonitrile. In: Römpp Online . Georg Thieme Verlag, accessed on November 12, 2014.

[GESTIS-2] ↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h Entry on benzonitrile in the GESTIS substance database of the IFA , accessed on January 8, 2018(JavaScript required) .

[CRC90_3_38-3] David R. Lide (Ed.): CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics . 90th edition. (Internet version: 2010), CRC Press / Taylor and Francis, Boca Raton, FL, Physical Constants of Organic Compounds, pp. 3-38.

[CLP_100.002.596-4] Entry on Benzonitrile in the Classification and Labeling Inventory of the European Chemicals Agency (ECHA), accessed on February 1, 2016. Manufacturers or distributors can expand the harmonized classification and labeling .

[5] Heinz GO Becker, Werner Berger, and Günter Domschke: Organikum . 22nd edition. Wiley-VCH, 2004, ISBN 978-3-527-31148-4 .