Bergvogtei Thuringia

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The Bergvogtei Thuringia was a Saxon or from 1815 a Prussian mining authority, which had its seat first in Eisleben , then in Sangerhausen and finally in Halle (Saale) .

history

In the parts of the area in Northern Thuringia that became part of the Prussian Province of Saxony in 1815 , the Saxon state had developed a hierarchical system of mining supervisory authorities, the origins of which date back to the first decades of the 16th century, through the mining offices that were mainly concerned with the administration of individual mining companies or smaller areas.

As early as 1606, with the establishment of the mountain expedition, the supervision of mining and metallurgy in the Electorate of Saxony was made independent. In 1661 a mountain council was created, which in the 18th century developed into a mountain council and thus one of the three structural parts of the central authority of Saxony, the secret financial council in Dresden , which is decisive in the economic and financial field . In Freiberg, based on predecessors from the late Middle Ages , this included the Oberbergamt ( Upper Mining Office) as the central authority for the entire Electoral Saxon mining sector , which has had this designation since 1657 and 1708 and was headed by a chief miner since 1670.

Subordinate to the Oberbergamt Freiberg were the mining offices as sub-authorities, as they developed for the Saxon part of the county of Henneberg in Suhl and for the Neustädter Kreis in Kamsdorf .

For the Thuringian District , the Bergvogtei Thuringia can be traced back as a special mining authority under this name to 1675 and the Bergvogtei Sangerhausen, which in some respects as a predecessor authority, can even be traced back to 1571. It was primarily used to manage the mining shelves and the collection of the mountain tithe and was initially closely tied to the Freiberg mining authority.

After the seat of the authorities was relocated to Eisleben in 1717, a similar connection with the office of the Oberbergvogt of the County of Mansfeld in Eisleben developed. In 1793 the mountain bailiwick of Thuringia was moved back to Sangerhausen and at the same time combined with the local senior tenth office. Some factual relationships also existed with the Oberzehntamt in Stolberg (Harz) and with the Graflich-Stolberg community mining office there . Subordinate to the Bergvogtei Thuringia were the union mining offices in Sangerhausen and Bottendorf .

The responsibility of the Bergvogtei Thuringia went beyond the actual Thuringian district, as half of the Bergregal in the Stolberg counties was Electoral Saxon and the mining rights in all parts of the county of Mansfeld remained under Saxon sovereignty even after the inheritance and sequestration procedures of the 16th century. The Bergvogt was also an assessor in the Stolberg-Wernigerödischen Bergamt Wickerode .

After it was incorporated into the Kingdom of Prussia in 1815, the Bergvogtei Thuringia was initially enlarged by adding the Eichsfeld area , the area around Erfurt and the County of Hohenstein . Her area of ​​responsibility thus included the entire administrative district of Erfurt with the exception of the district of the mining authorities in Suhl and (Groß) Kamsdorf and their successor, the Henneberg-Neustädtischer Bergamt in Suhl, which was established in 1819 and which was moved to Kamsdorf in 1838 and dissolved in 1853.

After its administration was linked to the Sangerhausen Justice Office for a short time, the Bergvogtei Thuringia was subordinated to the Oberbergamt Halle in December 1815 and also relocated to Halle in 1816, but finally dissolved with effect from January 1, 1827. The settlement dragged on until March 1827.

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