Bernhard Kampffmeyer

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Bernhard Kampffmeyer (born June 25, 1867 in Berlin ; † April 21, 1942 in Bergisch Gladbach ) was a socialist publicist and activist who sympathized with anarchism . Together with his brother Paul Kampffmeyer , he was involved in the labor movement despite his upper-class origins and was a driving force behind the garden city movement .

family

Bernhard Kampffmeyer comes from an upper-class family with liberal attitudes. His parents were the bookseller (Johann Georg Eusebius) Theodor (* August 14, 1821, † July 6, 1888) and (Marie Emilie) Bertha Kampffmeyer, née Schmidt (* December 21, 1828, † January 5, 1879).

(Wilhelm Theodor) Bernhard Kampffmeyer was the brother of (Albert Theodor) Paul (born November 29, 1864, † February 1, 1945), (Martin Heinrich) Theodor (born May 7, 1856, † September 12, 1913) and (Theodor Heinrich) Otto Kampffmeyer (* July 21, 1858, † April 16, 1926) and from (Auguste Bertha) Minna (* November 24, 1849, † November 12, 1910), the mother of Erich Wallroth , and Anna (* 28. November 1851, † 1852). Bernhard had a very close relationship with his older brother Paul Kampffmeyer , with whom he shared the same political views and lived together for a time in Friedrichshagen.

Social engagement

Bernhard was an active member of the labor movement and the life reform movement . In the Volksbühne he was committed to improving the living conditions of the workers and took up anarchist positions in a number of articles.

Friedrichshagener Poet Circle and New Community

Together with his brother Paul, he was Gerhart Hauptmann , Frank Wedekind , Erich Mühsam , Fidus , the brothers Heinrich and Julius Hart as well as Wilhelm Bölsche and others an active member of the Friedrichshagener poet circle . From 1890 the house of the brothers Bernhard and Paul Kampffmeyer in Friedrichshagen was one of the circle's regular meeting places. Wilhelm and Adele Bölsche lived there temporarily on rent.

The short-lived experiment New Community emerged from the Friedrichshagener Dichterkreis , in which Bernhard was a founding member together with Paul. As an alternative way of life, the New Community wanted to implement ideas of primitive communism and naturalism as well as ideals of the garden city movement.

Journalistic activity

He published numerous critical articles in magazines such as "Der Sozialist" (Berlin), " Lichtstrahl " (Berlin, Dresden) and others. He was an employee of the Volksbühne . Many of his writings deal with the theme of the garden city . He is also a translator of the writings of the Russian anarchist Peter Kropotkin .

Important publications by Bernhard Kampffmeyer are

  • "From small town to garden city" (1908) and
  • "From the garden suburb to the garden city" (1919).

Garden city movement

For the improvement of the living and living conditions of the workers he got involved in the "German Garden City Society" (DGG) founded in 1902 , which was founded out of the New Community . He was a founding member and from 1906, after the death of Heinrich Hart, chairman of the DGG for several years. The DGG was one of the first building cooperatives in Germany to be committed to the ideals of the English garden city movement. In 1909 he carried out a DGG excursion with his cousin Hans Kampffmeyer , which led to the most important garden city complexes in England. The three "garden city Kampffmeyer", Bernhard, Paul and Hans, are often confused in connection with the garden city movement . Paul was only marginally involved, Bernhard was one of the driving forces and temporarily managing director, and Hans was one of the architects who implemented garden city projects. His brother Theodor was also active as an architect. B. in Berlin the lamp city with the Narva tower , whose work was not based on the garden city ideals.

literature

  • Kampffmeyer, Paul: Blood Relatives German Families through the Centuries . Dallmeyer, Greifswald, 1939 (history of the Kampffmeyer family )
  • History of the German labor movement. Bibliography of the Friedrich Ebert Foundation.
  • Eberlein, Alfred: The press of the working class and the social movements . Topos Verlag, Frankfurt / M. 1968/70, 4 vol. And 1 register vol.

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Kampffmeyer, Bernhard
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Kampffmeyer, Wilhelm Theodor Bernhard (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION socialist publicist and activist
DATE OF BIRTH June 25, 1867
PLACE OF BIRTH Berlin
DATE OF DEATH April 21, 1942
Place of death Bergisch Gladbach