New community

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The New Community was an anarchist-communist commune operated between 1900 and 1904 by the brothers Julius Hart , Heinrich Hart and Gustav Landauer in the Berlin district of Schlachtensee , in which mainly politically active life reformers , anarchists and artists took part.

The “New Community” emerged from the Friedrichshagener poet circle , which had emerged from 1890 on the eastern edge of Berlin. Political dissidents as well as some of the leading authors of naturalism such as Gerhart Hauptmann had settled there, at least for a time. When the group became increasingly divided and began to fall apart, the Hart brothers founded a new colony, the free religious and anarchist New Community, on the other, western side of the Berlin outskirts, in Schlachtensee in 1902 . She found her domicile in a house with 29 rooms and several common rooms at Seestrasse 33–37 (today: Am Schlachtensee 50–58), which was demolished in 1928. The monthly "consecration festivals" with an increasingly cultic character took place here and often lasted until the early morning.

The New Community was stimulated by the English Garden City Movement, which, inspired by the ideas of William Morris , wanted to emancipate itself from the juggernaut of the big city and industrialization and wanted to live together in a quasi- communist community.

The short-lived but effective community included the painter Fidus di Hugo Höppener , the writers Peter Hille , Bernhard Kampffmeyer , Gustav Landauer , Martin Buber , Else Lasker-Schüler , Willy Pastor and Erich Mühsam . The New Community became one of the main stimuli for the alternative communities that developed near Ascona on Monte Verità .

See also

literature

  • Heinrich Hart, Julius Hart, Gustav Landauer, F. Holländer: The New Community: an order from real life: Lectures and speeches, held at the consecration feasts, the meetings and love feasts of the New Community. Eugen Diederichs Verlag, Leipzig 1901.
  • Karin Bruns : The new community [Berlin-Schlachtensee]. In: Wulf Wülfig / Karin Bruns / Rolf Parr (eds.): Handbook of literary-cultural associations, groups and associations 1825-1933. Metzler, Stuttgart / Weimar 1998 ( Repertories on the History of German Literature. Ed. By Paul Raabe , Vol. 18), pp. 358–371.
  • Karin Bruns: We have nothing to do with the laws of the masses. Organizational structures and concepts in the “New Community” . In: Richard Faber, Christine Holste (ed.): Circles - groups - frets. On the sociology of modern intellectual associations . Königshausen & Neumann, Würzburg 2000. pp. 351–371.
  • Albert Weidner (Ed.), The New Community. Messages for members and like-minded people . A reprint in two volumes, edited and annotated by RF Lang. Edition Friedrichshagen 12, Cultural History Association Friedrichshagen eV Ortwig 2011.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Albert Burkhardt: The Friedrichshagener poet circle. A tour in the footsteps of the poets . Friedrichshagener Hefte No. 14, Berlin 2011, p. 12