Besnard (noble family)

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The noble family von Besnard is a Palatinate-Bavarian postal nobility in two lines, which comes from Alsace and originated in the 18th century and in the 19th century.

origin

The family comes from Buchsweiler in Alsace , at that time the seat of government of the Hanau-Lichtenberg county, which was under French sovereignty . The first parents of the later aristocrats are Dominik Andreas Besnard, Hesse-Darmstadt bailiff in Buchsweiler and his wife Monika geb. Eisenwenger. The family belonged to the Catholic Confession.

The parents had several children, two sons of which independently is an older and a younger noble line founded, which led the same strain coat of arms and only in the crest distinguished.

Older line

Coat of arms of the noble family von Besnard (older line). Detail from the gravestone of Heinrich von Besnard (1806–1869), Zweibrücken main cemetery

The son Heinrich Besnard (1745-1806), a former Jesuit student in Haguenau , advanced to the ducal Palatinate-Zweibrückischen privy councilor and was raised by Emperor Joseph II , zu Przemyśl , on July 1, 1783 to the hereditary nobility of noble from . On January 18, 1786, the emperor awarded him the addition of Edler von Schlangenheim . Since then, the family line has been called by its full name " von Besnard, Edle von Schlangenheim ". Heinrich von Besnard, during the French period of the Rheinpfalz , mayor and sub-prefect in Two Bridges was born there with Karolina Katharina Carrové (1740–1796) married and they had several children. The son Anton von Besnard (1794-1825) officiated as Bavarian Land Commissioner in Kusel . He and his brother Heinrich Nikolaus were knighted by the Kingdom of Bavaria on March 26, 1824 . At the Zweibrücken main cemetery there is a beautiful coat of arms tombstone of Heinrich von Besnard (1806–1869), a grandson of the founder of the noble line.

Younger line

Coat of arms of the noble family von Besnard (younger line)

Franz Joseph Besnard (1749–1814), brother of the founder of the older noble line, was also a Jesuit pupil in Hagenau, studied medicine and surgery in Strasbourg and in 1778 became the personal physician of Count Palatine Maximilian Joseph , who later became King of Bavaria. At that time he was still living in Strasbourg as a French officer. Besnard cured him several times of dangerous illnesses and there he also gave birth to his son Ludwig, who later became King Ludwig I of Bavaria . After Maximilian Joseph took office in Bavaria as elector (from 1806 king) in 1799, he took Franz Joseph Besnard with him to Munich . In 1808 he was promoted to director of the Medicinal Committee there , making him the capital's chief physician. In 1808 he also received the Knight's Cross of the Order of Merit of the Bavarian Crown , combined with the personal nobility, in 1813 the king elevated him to the hereditary knighthood of the kingdom. The nobility passed to his son, the officer Franz Anton von Besnard (1796-1854), who later also worked as a Catholic theological writer.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Walter Schärl: The composition of the Bavarian civil service from 1806 to 1918 , Volume 1 of: Munich Historical Studies, Munich, 1955, page 278; (Detail scan)
  2. ↑ Gothaisches Genealogisches Taschenbuch der nobeligen houses , Volume 19, 1894, pp. 49–51; (Detail scans)
  3. ^ Robert Schmitt: Simon Joseph (Gabriel) Schmitt, 1766-1855: monk of the Enlightenment period, French functionary, German civil servant, lecturer in philosophy and landowner , 1966, p. 108; (Detail scan)
  4. ^ Helmut G. Haasis: Dawn of the Republic: the German democrats on the left bank of the Rhine 1789-1849 , Volume 35199 by Ullstein materials, Ullstein Verlag, 1984, ISBN 3548351999 , p. 206; (Detail scan)
  5. ^ Genealogical page on the wife
  6. ^ Landesarchivverwaltung Rheinland-Pfalz: Yearbook for West German State History , Volume 28, 2002, p. 345; (Detail scan)
  7. ↑ Government and Intelligence Gazette for the Kingdom of Baiern , No. 39, Munich, October 16, 1824, column 1087 of the year; (Digital scan)
  8. ↑ Joseph Heinrich Wolf: Ludwig I, King of Bavaria: Allerhöchst-Dessen Leben and Work from 1786 to 1841 , Augsburg, 1841, p. 14; (Digital scan)
  9. ↑ August Hirsch:  Besnard, Franz Josef von . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 2, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1875, p. 555 f.
  10. ↑ Joachim Heinrich Jäck: Most important life moments of all royal. Bavarian civil and military servants of this century , Volume 3, Augsburg, 1819, p. 11; (Digital scan)
  11. ^ Karl Heinrich von Lang: Book of the nobles of the Kingdom of Baiern , basic work, volume 1, p. 294, Munich, 1815; (Digital scan)
  12. ^ Carl Ruland:  Besnard, Franz Anton von . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 2, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1875, p. 556.