Betula chinensis
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Leaves of Betula chinensis |
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Betula chinensis is a large shrub from the genus of the birch ( Betula ) with dense shaggy hairy, brown or yellow-brown branches and at least initially shaggy hairy leaves. The natural range of the species is in China, where its wood is highly valued.
description
Betula chinensis is a shrub up to 5 meters high with a black-gray bark . The twigs are brown or yellow-brown and densely shaggy hairy. The leaves have a 2 to 20 millimeter long, densely hairy stalk. The leaf blade is 1.5 to 6 inches long and 1 to 5 inches wide, ovate, broadly ovate or ovate-elliptical, with a pointed or blunt tip, rounded or broadly wedge-shaped base and an irregularly double-serrated leaf edge. 8 or 9, rarely 10 pairs of nerves are formed. The upper side of the leaf is initially densely shaggy hairy, the underside is shaggy hairy, sometimes covered with point-shaped resin glands and has axillary whiskers.
The female inflorescences are rounded and 1 to 2 centimeters long with a diameter of 0.6 to 1.5 centimeters. The inflorescence stalk is 1 to 2 millimeters long. The bracts are 5 to 9 millimeters long, downy-haired and ciliate and three-lobed. The lobes are bent back, the middle lobe is lanceolate, the lateral lobes egg-shaped and no more than half as long as the middle lobe. The fruits are obovate or ovoid nuts with very narrow wings. Betula chinensis flowers from May to June, the fruits ripen from July to August.
Occurrence and location requirements
The natural range is on the Korean Peninsula and in China in the east of Gansu , in Hebei , Henan , Liaoning , in Inner Mongolia , in Shaanxi , Shandong and Shanxi . There it grows in mountain forests at heights of 700 to 3000 meters.
Systematics
Betula chinensis is a species of the birch genus ( Betula ). This is in the family of birch family associated with the subfamily of birch plants in the narrow sense (Betuloideae) (Betulaceae). The species was in 1879 by Karl Maximovich scientifically valid first described . The generic name Betula comes from Latin and was already used by the Romans for the birch. The specific epithet chinensis refers to the distribution in China.
use
Betula chinensis wood is one of the most valuable in northern China. It is very hard and dense, finely structured and is used for the manufacture of tappets and carriage axles .
proof
literature
- Wu Zheng-yi, Peter H. Raven (Ed.): Flora of China . Volume 4: Cycadaceae through Fagaceae . Science Press / Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing / St. Louis 1999, ISBN 0-915279-70-3 , pp. 308 (English).
- Helmut Genaust: Etymological dictionary of botanical plant names. 3rd, completely revised and expanded edition. Nikol, Hamburg 2005, ISBN 3-937872-16-7 (reprint from 1996).
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e Pei-chun Li, Alexei K. Skvortsov: Betula chinensis , in the Flora of China , Volume 4, p. 308
- ↑ a b c Betula chinensis . In: Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN). United States Department of Agriculture, accessed September 4, 2012 .
- ↑ Exactly: Etymological Dictionary of Botanical Plant Names , p. 99
- ↑ Exactly: Etymological Dictionary of Botanical Plant Names , p. 150
Web links
- Betula chinensis. In: The Plant List. Retrieved September 4, 2012 .