Biblioteca Nazionale di Napoli

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Biblioteca Nazionale di Napoli
FacciataBibliotecaNazionaleNaples.jpg

The facade of the palace facing the gulf

founding 1784
Duration 1.8 million publications
Library type Scientific library
place Naples
ISIL IT-NA0079
operator state
Website Biblioteca Nazionale di Napoli

The Biblioteca Nazionale di Napoli (also Biblioteca Nazionale Vittorio Emanuele III ) is a public library in Naples that has been located in the Palazzo Reale since 1922 . After the two central national libraries in Florence and Rome it is the third largest public library in Italy. It was founded towards the end of the 18th century by Ferdinand IV. As early as 1784, the various book collections in royal possession began to be moved to the Palazzo degli Studi (today the seat of the Museo Archeologico Nazionale ), but the installation and cataloging dragged on for decades, so that the Real Biblioteca could only be opened to the public on January 13, 1804.

history

The Fondo Brancacciano goes back to the collection of books that Cardinal Francesco Maria Brancaccio († 1675) had gathered in Rome. In his will he had determined to move it to Naples, home of his family and place of his studies, and to make it accessible. Since 1690 it was the first public library in the city.

Ecclesiastical and private libraries had been added to the Farnese collection, which goes back to Alessandro Farnese and which had been in Naples since 1736: that of the Augustinians of San Giovanni a Carbonara - it goes back to Cardinal Girolamo Seripando - that of the Jesuits or that of the Accademia Ercolanense . Under the government of Gioacchino Murat , further abolition of the monastery took place, but other additions such as the incunabula collection of Melchiorre Delfico expanded the holdings. After the end of the French era, the library was named Biblioteca Borbonica in 1816 , and after the unification of Italy it became the Biblioteca Nazionale .

Other collections were added, including the Officina dei Papiri Ercolanesi , autographs by Giacomo Leopardi and the music and theater collection of Count Edoardo Lucchesi Palli . Space was becoming scarce and, at the insistence of Benedetto Croce , Vittorio Emanuele III decided to make the eastern wing of the palace available and to transfer it to the state. The expansion made it possible to take over other historical libraries in the city: the Brancacciana , the Provinciale , that of San Giacomo , and the library of the Museo di San Martino . These provenances can still be recognized in the signatures of the old holdings. In 1923 the codices that had been brought to Vienna in 1718, including Dioscurides Neapolitanus , returned to Naples. In 1942 the library was closed and the valuable holdings were relocated at the instigation of the then director Guerriera Guerrieri . After the end of the war, the Nazionale reopened to the public in 1945.

Stocks

Carta Catalana ; Portolan around 1400, ms.XII.D.102

The library owns around 1,800,000 pamphlets, over 8900 current journals, 19,758 manuscripts and 50,000 cinquecentines (prints from the 16th century), as well as 1838 Herculanean papyri from the Villa dei Papiri . In addition, there are over 6000 historical maps, historical photographic recordings, 500 documents on parchment and over 150,000 individual documents, mainly from the numerous collections of correspondence.

Her relics library alongside the direct papyri and the Dioscurides two Gospels on parchment purpurgetränktem - a Latin from the 5th century and a Greek from the end of the 9th century - that written in Bari to 1071 illustrated Metamorphoses of Ovid ( "Ovidio Napolitano “: BNN ms. IV. F. 3) or the cosmography of Claudius Ptolomaeus (ms. VF 32) , created in the middle of the 15th century . Also noteworthy is the Coptic fragment of the Old Testament (Ms. IB 18) from the collections of Cardinal Stefano Borgia in his museum in Velletri , the Breviario di Ferrante d'Aragona (Ms. IB 57), a work by Cristoforo Majorana , or his father Alfonso's book of hours .

The autograph documents include Thomas Aquinas , Torquato Tasso and Giacomo Leopardi.

literature

  • Giulia Bologna : Manoscritti e miniature. Il libro prima di Gutenberg. Editorials Giorgio Mondadori, Milano 1988, ISBN 88-374-1021-2 , pp. 174-175
  • Fortuna Cassano: Vicende storiche della Biblioteca Nazionale di Napoli e delle sue più insigni raccolte . In: Rassegna Storica dei Comuni 8 (ns), 1982, pp. 262-272 ( online version of the entire volume at the Istituto di Studi Atellani). PDF

Remarks

  1. ↑ German: National Library Naples, National Library Viktor Emanuel III; uncommon in scientific literature
  2. ^ History of the collection on the homepage of the Biblioteca Nazionale
  3. ^ Description in the Biblioteca Digitale
  4. ↑ as of 2006; Bologna names 1,499,135 printed matter, 4,546 incunabula, 12,955 manuscripts and 1,785 papyri (as of 1987)
  5. ^ Entry in the Biblioteca Digitale
  6. ↑ Presentation with images of the cards

Web links

Commons : National Library of Naples  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Coordinates: 40 ° 50 '10.28 "  N , 14 ° 14' 58.43"  O