Blue lettuce

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Blue lettuce
Blue lettuce (Lactuca perennis), illustration

Blue lettuce ( Lactuca perennis ), illustration

Systematics
Euasterids II
Order : Astern-like (Asterales)
Family : Daisy family (Asteraceae)
Subfamily : Cichorioideae
Genre : Lettuce ( Lactuca )
Type : Blue lettuce
Scientific name
Lactuca perennis
L.

The Blue lettuce ( Lactuca perennis ), also continuous cos called, is a species of the genus of lettuces ( Lactuca ) within the family of Compositae (Asteraceae).

description

Habit, leaves and inflorescence
Flower head

The blue lettuce is a deciduous, perennial herbaceous plant and reaches heights of 30 to 60 centimeters. It forms a Pleiokorm root , but no runners . The bare stems are only branched in the upper area.

The lower leaves of the foliage are stalked and the upper half-stem encompassing and have a hollow, heart-shaped leaf base. The soft, bluish green leaf blades are pinnately split. On all leaf blades there are numerous linear to lanceolate leaf sections, which are often lobed or toothed.

The flowering period extends from May to June. The cup-shaped inflorescences are arranged in a sparsely spread umbrella-like overall inflorescence . The bracts are not mottled purple. The flower heads contain only ray florets . The ray florets are blue or purple, rarely white.

The fruit beak is just as long as the rest of the black achenes .

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 18.

ecology

The blue lettuce is a deciduous, scleromorphic, mesomorphic hemicryptophyte and a semi-rosette plant.

The pollination is done by insects . The spread of the diaspores , there are the achenes, is carried out by the wind.

Occurrence

The distribution area of Lactuca perennis includes southern, central and eastern Europe . In Germany the blue lettuce is scattered in central and northern Bavaria (Danube, Jura and Main Franconia), south and north-east Baden-Württemberg, Rhineland-Palatinate and Saarland as well as Thuringia, rarely in south and north-east Hesse and central Saxony (Elbe) and Saxony-Anhalt. The blue lettuce is on the decline in Germany.

The blue lettuce grows on dry rock corridors, especially on ledges, as well as on shallow dry grasslands , fallow vineyards and dry ruderal areas such as roadsides, walls and docks. Lactuca perennis occurs in plant communities of the Sedo-Scleranthetea or Festuco-Brometea classes, but also in those of the Geranion sanguinei, Dauco-Melilotion or Convolvulo-Agropyrion groups. The blue lettuce is "basenhold", i. i.e., it thrives best in basic soils , especially if they are rocky-stony or sandy.

Taxonomy

The first publication of Lactuca perennis was in 1753 by Carl von Linné .

literature

  • Eckehart J. Jäger, Klaus Werner (Ed.): Excursion flora from Germany . Founded by Werner Rothmaler. 10th edited edition. tape 4 : Vascular Plants: Critical Volume . Elsevier, Spektrum Akademischer Verlag, Munich / Heidelberg 2005, ISBN 3-8274-1496-2 , p. 736 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j Lactuca perennis L., Blauer Lattich. In: FloraWeb.de.
  2. ↑ a b c Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . With the collaboration of Angelika Schwabe and Theo Müller. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , pp.  988 .
  3. ↑ a b Werner Greuter (2006+): Compositae (pro parte majore). In: Werner Greuter, E. von Raab-Straube (Ed.): Compositae. : Datasheet Lactuca perennis In: Euro + Med Plantbase - the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity.

Web links

Commons : Blauer Lattich ( Lactuca perennis )  - Album with pictures, videos and audio files