Blue-leaved mucous foot
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Blue-leaved mucous foot ( Cortinarius delibutus ) |
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| Fr. |
The Blaublättrige or Lilablättrige Schleimfuß ( Cortinarius delibutus ) is an agaric from the family of veil Ling relatives (Cortinariaceae). The medium-sized veil has a slimy hat and stem. The pale or bright yellow to ocher-colored hat stands in clear contrast to the young purple-violet colored lamellae. Other typical properties are the stalk, which is more or less puffed up by the yellowish mucus, the mild-tasting meat and the almost spherical spores. The mycorrhizal fungus is associated with various deciduous trees, but mostly with birch trees. The fruiting bodies appear in deciduous and coniferous forests from August to October. The mucous foot is edible to a limited extent.
features
Macroscopic features
The hat has a diameter of 3–6 (8) cm. It remains hemispherical for a long time when young and is later flat arched and often hunched. The surface is bare, smooth and moist, slimy-greasy. When dry, it is silky and fibrous. The hat is yellowish, yellowish brown to ocher yellow in color and sometimes has a slightly greenish tinge. In old age it becomes cloudy or faded.
The lamellas are more or less straight attached to the stem. They are crowded, mixed in, and only colored blue-violet when young. The rust-brown spore powder soon turns them yellow-brown to cinnamon-brown.
The cylindrical to slightly clubbed stem is 5–10 cm long and 1–1.5 cm wide. In youth it is stuffed inside, in old age it becomes hollow. The stem bark is slimy, shiny, whitish and below the velum zone is often more or less puffed up by the yellowish mucus. At the tip of the stem above the Cortina it has a bluish tinge.
The flesh is whitish to pale yellow and the tip of the stem is purple-bluish. When rubbed, it smells faintly radish-like. It tastes mild, but sometimes it can taste bitter in the hat skin.
Microscopic features
The spores are round to broadly oval and finely dotted. They measure 7–9.5 × 6–8 µm. The cheilocystides are normal and hardly noticeable.
Species delimitation
Young specimens of the blue-leaved mucous foot can hardly be recognized. The combination of features of a yellowish hat color, intense purple lamellas and a slimy hat and stem does not appear in any other veil. Its occurrence in damp, boggy places is also typical for the species. Its rounded spores are characteristic microscopically. The determination becomes difficult in dry conditions and ripe fruit bodies, as the lamellae are more or less colored brown by the spore dust and the dried stalk mucus sometimes only leaves tender snake-like traces on the stem surface (here it is advisable to moisten the stem afterwards). Then the fungus can be mistaken for a number of other veils from the group of mucous heads and thick feet . The very bitter-tasting gally mucous foot ( C. vibratilis ) looks very similar . This one also has a yellowish colored hat and a white stem. But with him the spores are elongated.
Ecology and diffusion
The fungus is widespread in almost all of Europe and is one of the most common mucous feet. In the south it is found from Spain to Bulgaria and the Ukraine in the southeast. In the north it is widespread throughout Fennoscandinavia and has also been found on Greenland and Spitsbergen. In Norway you can find it up to the North Cape. In Great Britain and the Irish island it is widespread but very scattered to rare. In the Netherlands, on the other hand, mucous foot is common. It is widespread to frequent in the Alpine countries of Liechtenstein, Austria and Switzerland as well as in Germany.
The mycorrhizal fungus is found in both deciduous and coniferous forests. The fruiting bodies appear from August to October, rarely even in November. The fungus grows on almost all soils, both over lime and silicate rock. Allegedly, he is said to have a certain preference for acidic soils. The mucous foot is often associated with birch, hazelnut and beech, and more rarely with oak. Its most important mycorrhizal partner is likely to be the birch. It particularly likes to grow in damp places under strewn birches or in wet areas under birches and alders. The highest site is in Switzerland at 2210 m asl, in Austria you can still find it above 1700 m. The optimal annual average temperature is 7 ° C, maximum temperature 9 ° C.
Systematics
The mucous foot was first scientifically described in 1838 by Elias M. Fries. As heterotypical synonyms are Cortinarius suratus Fr. , Cortinarius fulvoluteus Britzelm. and Cortinarius naevosus Fr.
meaning
According to M. Bon, the veil is edible, other authors describe it as inedible.
swell
- Cortinarius delibutus. In: Index Fungorum. Retrieved October 5, 2015 .
- Cortinarius delibutus. In: MycoBank.org. International Mycological Association, accessed October 5, 2015 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Marcel Bon : Parey's book of mushrooms . Kosmos, Stuttgart 2005, ISBN 3-440-09970-9 , pp. 202 (English: The mushrooms and tools of Britain and Northwestern Europe . Translated by Till R. Lohmeyer).
- ↑ a b c d Ewald Gerhardt: Mushrooms. Volume 1: Lamellar mushrooms, pigeons, milklings and other groups with lamellas (= spectrum of nature / BLV intensive guide ). BLV, Munich / Vienna / Zurich 1984, ISBN 3-405-12927-3 , p. 254 .
- ↑ a b c d Hans E. Laux: The new cosmos mushroom atlas . 1st edition. Kosmos, Stuttgart 2002, ISBN 3-440-07229-0 , pp. 172/6 .
- ↑ a b Karin Monday: Blue-leaved mucous foot Cortinarius delibutus In the virtual mushroom book. Tintling.com, accessed October 5, 2015 .
- ↑ Cvetomir M. Denchev & Boris Assyov: Checklist of the larger basidiomycetes in Bulgaria . In: Mycotaxon . tape 111 , 2010, ISSN 0093-4666 , p. 279–282 ( online [PDF]).
- ^ Torbjørn Borgen, Steen A. Elborne and Henning Knudsen: Arctic and Alpine Mycology . Ed .: David Boertmann and Henning Knudsen. tape 6 . Museum Tusculanum Press, 2006, ISBN 978-87-635-1277-0 , A checklist of the Greenland basidiomycetes, p. 37-59 ( online ).
- ↑ Armin Mesic & Zdenko Tkalcec: Preliminary checklist of Agaricales from Croatia. II. Families Agaricaceae, Amanitaceae, Cortinariaceae and Hygrophoraceae. In: Mycotaxon . Vol: 83, 2002, pp. 453-502 (English, cybertruffle.org.uk ).
- ^ Estonian eBiodiversity Species description Cortinarius delibutus. In: elurikkus.ut.ee. Retrieved October 8, 2015 .
- ↑ Worldwide distribution of Cortinarius delibutus. (No longer available online.) In: GBIF Portal / data.gbif.org. Archived from the original on December 22, 2015 ; accessed on October 8, 2015 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Cortinarius delibutus. In: grzyby.pl. Retrieved October 8, 2015 .
- ↑ Jean-Pierre Prongué, Rudolf Wiederin, Brigitte Wolf: The fungi of the Principality of Liechtenstein . In: Natural history research in the Principality of Liechtenstein . Vol. 21. Vaduz 2004 ( online [PDF; accessed on December 16, 2015]). online ( Memento of the original from November 15, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Nahuby.sk - Atlas hub - Cortinarius delibutus. In: nahuby.sk. Retrieved October 8, 2015 .
- ↑ Grid map of Cortinarius delibutus. In: NBN Gateway / data.nbn.org.uk. Retrieved October 8, 2015 .
- ↑ Cortinarius delibutus. Pilzoek database, accessed October 8, 2015 .
- ^ TV Andrianova et al .: Cortinarius delibutus. Fungi of Ukraine. (No longer available online.) In: www.cybertruffle.org.uk/ukrafung/eng. Archived from the original on December 22, 2015 ; accessed on October 8, 2015 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Distribution atlas of mushrooms in Switzerland. (No longer available online.) In: wsl.ch. Federal Research Institute for Forests, Snow and Landscape WSL, archived from the original on October 15, 2012 ; accessed on December 15, 2015 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ Database of mushrooms in Austria. In: austria.mykodata.net. Austrian Mycological Society, accessed December 15, 2015 .
- ^ Elias Magnus Fries: Epicrisis systematis mycologici . seu synopsis hymenomycetum. Typographia Academica, Upsala 1838, p. 276 (Latin, online ).
Web links
- Cortinarius delibutus. In: Funghi in Italia / funghiitaliani.it. Retrieved October 5, 2015 (Italian, photos of the blue-leaved slime foot).
- Wolfgang Bachmeier: Blue-leaved mucous foot (Cortinarius delibutus). 123pilze.de / pilzseite.de, accessed on October 5, 2015 .
- Roger Phillips: Cortinarius delibutus. In: RogersMushrooms. Rogers Plants Ltd., accessed December 16, 2015 .