Blue Gauchheil
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Blue Gauchheil ( Anagallis foemina ) |
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| Mill. |
The blue Gauchheil ( Anagallis foemina ) is a species of the genus Gauchheil ( Anagallis ) in the subfamily of the myrsine family (Myrsinoideae) within the family of the primrose family (Primulaceae).
description
The Blauen Gauchheil is an annual herbaceous plant that usually reaches heights of only 3 to 5 cm. The prostrate to ascending stem reaches lengths of about 5 to 25 cm.
The mostly cross-opposed, rarely threesome, lively leaves arranged on the stem are dark green in color and elongated, egg-shaped.
The flowers sit individually in the leaf axils and have stems that are as long or just a little longer than the flowers themselves. The crown is up to 14 mm wide, is blue on the top and purple on the underside. The petals are serrated at the edge and provided with five to 10, more rarely up to 15 mostly four-celled glandular hairs. The sepals are very finely serrated on the edge. The blue Gauchheil blooms mainly in the months June to September.
The 10 to 20 mm long fruit stalks carry a capsule fruit that usually contains 15 to 16 seeds.
The number of chromosomes is 2n = 40.
Toxicity
No details are available about the ingredients of the blue gauch remedy; One has to assume a content of saponins.
Occurrence
The blue Gauchheil occurs from the Mediterranean area to Asia Minor. It can also be found across Central and Northern Europe to North and East Asia. Outside the Eurasian continent, it is widespread in Central America, southern Brazil and western Australia.
In Germany, the species can only be found more frequently in the central and south-western regions. In addition, it is very rare or completely absent.
In Austria and Switzerland the blue Gauchheil occurs scattered or rarely.
Anagallis foemina grows in weed communities, in gardens and in debris-laden areas. It prefers more or less dry, warm, nutrient-rich and lime-rich, mostly loamy soils. In Central Europe it is a character species of the Caucalidion lappulae association. In the Mediterranean area it is also found in therophyte dry grasslands.
The Blaue Gauchheil mostly only populates grain fields, but is only noticeable in stubble fields, it is rarely found in root crop fields. In the lowlands it is largely absent, in areas with lime-poor or lime-free soils it is almost completely absent. It hardly forms stocks rich in individuals.
Similar species
The blue Gauchheil can easily be confused with the blue flowering form of the Acker-Gauchheil ( Anagallis arvensis ). In contrast to the blue Gauchheil, this color variant has petals that are not strongly frayed at the edge and have numerous (50 to 70) glands.
literature
- Henning Haeupler , Thomas Muer: picture atlas of the fern and flowering plants of Germany (= the fern and flowering plants of Germany. Volume 2). Published by the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation. Ulmer, Stuttgart 2000, ISBN 3-8001-3364-4 .
- Wolfgang Adler, Karl Oswald, Raimund Fischer: Excursion flora of Austria. Ed .: Manfred A. Fischer . Ulmer, Stuttgart / Vienna 1994, ISBN 3-8001-3461-6 .
- August Binz , Christian Heitz: School and excursion flora for Switzerland . Schwabe & Co. AG, Basel, 1986, ISBN 3-7965-0832-4 .
- Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora . Ulmer Verlag, Stuttgart, 1990, ISBN 3-8001-3454-3 .
- Christian August Friedrich Garcke : Illustrated flora . 1972, Paul Parey Publishing House, ISBN 3-489-68034-0 .
- Dietmar Aichele, Heinz-Werner Schwegler: The flowering plants of Central Europe , Franckh-Kosmos-Verlag, 2nd revised edition 1994, 2000, Volume 3, ISBN 3-440-08048-X .
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . With the collaboration of Angelika Schwabe and Theo Müller. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , pp. 744 .
Web links
- Anagallis foemina Mill., Blauer Gauchheil. In: FloraWeb.de.
- Blue Gauchheil . In: BiolFlor, the database of biological-ecological characteristics of the flora of Germany. ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )
- Anagallis foemina Mill. In: Info Flora , the national data and information center for Swiss flora . Retrieved January 20, 2016.
- Thomas Meyer: Gauchheil data sheet with identification key and photos at Flora-de: Flora von Deutschland (old name of the website: Flowers in Swabia )